MikroRNA’lar ve Atlarda MikroRNA’lar ile İlgili Yapılan Çalışmalar

MikroRNA’lar (miRNA)18-25 nükleotit (nt) uzunluğunda genom üzerinde protein kodlayan intron veya ekzon bölgelerindeki RNA genlerinden transkripsiyonu sağlanan, fakat proteine translasyonu gerçekleşmeyen, fonksiyonel RNA molekülleridir. Tüm canlılarda çeşitli fiziksel ve patolojik kondisyonlarda post–transkripsiyonel gen düzenleyici olarak miRNA’ların rolü evcil hayvanlar da dahil birçok organizmanın incelenmesiyle aydınlanmaktadır. miRNA’ların gen ekspresyonunda, fenotipik değişkenliğin şekillenmesinde ve hastalık gelişminde regülatör olarak önemli rollerinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmaların ışığı altında miRNA’ların önemi son zamanlarda Veteriner Hekimlikte de fark edilmiştir. Taşıma ve eğlence için kullanılan, aynı zamanda ekonomik değere sahip evcil at (Equus caballus), insan uygarlığının çok önemli bir parçası olmuştur. Tıbbi açıdan at ile insan arasında alerji ve osteoartrit gibi 90’dan fazla kalıtsal hastalık ortaktır. Biyomekanik ve egzersiz fizyolojisi çalışmalarında en iyi model organizma attır. İnsanlık tarihi için at bu kadar önemli bir organizma olmasına rağmen, atlarda miRNA’lar ve miRNA’ların klinik kondüsyonlar üzerine etkisi hakkındaki çalışmalar oldukça azdır. Bu derleme miRNA’lar ve atlarda miRNA’lar ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar hakkında bilgi vermek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Equus caballus, mikroRNA, mRNA

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