Raylı Araçlarda Enerji Verimliliği Çalışması

Günümüzde raylı sistem araçları yüksek yolcu kapasiteleri, hızları ve artan çevre bilinci nedeniyle şehir içi ve şehirlerarası ulaşımda sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Her alanda olduğu gibi, raylı sistem araçlarının günlük servislerinde bile yüksek enerji tüketimine sahip olmasından dolayı bu araçlarda da enerji verimliliği çalışmaları zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Raylı sistemlerde enerjinin verimli kullanılmasını sağlamak için çeşitli stratejiler vardır ve bu çalışmada verimli sürüş teknikleri uygulanmıştır. Bu amaçla, öncelikle, araca ait bilgiler, yola ait veriler ve operasyonel kısıtlamalar göz önünde bulundurularak, bir demiryolu aracının sürüşü Matlab'da modellenmiştir. Daha sonra, enerjinin verimli kullanımı için dört farklı sürüş stili belirlenmiş ve bunların seyahat süresi ve enerji tüketimi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma 11 istasyonlu ve 8.527 km uzunluğundaki Ankaray metro hattının pratik verileriyle test edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, uzun mesafeli istasyonlar için boşta gitme stili, kısa mesafeli istasyonlar için maksimum hızın azaltılması stili daha etkilidir. Ayrıca belirlenen stratejiler sayesinde aracın pratik sürüşe göre % 11.54-36.37 oranında enerji tasarrufu sağlayabildiği gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

raylı sistem aracı, modelleme, verimli sürüş tekniklikleri, enerji tüketimi

A Study of Energy Efficiency in Rail Vehicles

Today, rail vehicles are frequently preferred both in urban and intercity transportation due to their high passenger capacity, speed and increasing environmental awareness. As in every field, energy efficiency studies have become compulsory in these vehicles. Because, they have high energy consumption even in their daily services. There are various strategies to obtain efficient use of energy in rail systems and efficient driving techniques have been performed in this paper. For this purpose, firstly, the driving of a rail vehicle has been modeled on Matlab considering all vehicle information, track information and operational constraints. Then, four different driving styles have been determined for the efficient use of energy and their effects on travel time and energy consumption have been examined. The study has been tested with the practical data of Ankaray metro line which has eleven stations and is 8.527 km long. According to the results of the paper, coasting control is more effective for long distances and reduction of the maximum speed is more convenient for short distances. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that thanks to the determined strategies, the vehicle can save up to 11.54-36.37% energy compared to practical driving.

Keywords:

rail vehicle, modeling, efficient driving techniques, energy consumption,

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