MÜGE LÜTFİOĞLU, Feyza Otan ÖZDEN, Vadim ATABEY

Obezite, Oksidatif Stres ve Periodontal Hastalık İlişkisi

Periodontal hastalıkların etiyopatogenezinin çok faktörlü olması, sistemik ve çevresel faktörlerden etkilenen konak duyarlılığının araştırılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Obezite vücutta sağlığı bozacak ölçüde yağ birikimine neden olan kronik çok faktörlü bir hastalıktır. Adipoz doku günümüzde parakrin, otokrin ve endokrin özellikleri olan bir organ olarak kabul edilmektedir. Obezite ve periodontal hastalıkların inflamatuar süreçte birbirlerini etkileme olasılığı olan ortak biyolojik mekanizmalarının olması obezitenin periodontal hastalığın ilerlemesi için bir risk belirleyicisi olabileceği iddiasını doğurmuştur. Obezite-periodontitis kökenli benzer patofizyolojik cevapların yanı sıra, adipoz dokudan salgılanan proinflamatuar sitokinlerin yarattığı subklinik kronik inflamasyon durumu ve sistemik genel stres gibi durumlar iki hastalığın birbiri ile etkileşim halinde olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Obezitenin sağlıklı ve hastalıklı periodontal dokulara olan sistemik ve kronik enflamatuvar etkileri halen çelişkilidir. Mevcut literatürün ışığı altında, bu derlemenin amacı obezitenin ve dolaylı olarak yarattığı oksidatif stresin periodontal hastalık patogenezine etkisi hakkında bilgi vermektir.

The Relation Between Obesity, Oxidative Stress and Periodontal Disease

The multi-factorial etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases require investigating the host susceptibility which is affected by the systemic and environmental conditions. Obesity is a chronic multi-factorial disease which causes fat accumulation in the body to disrupt general health. Recently, adipose tissue is considered to be an organ with paracrine, autocrine and endocrine properties. The fact that obesity and periodontal diseases share common biological mechanisms that are likely to influence each other in the ongoing inflammatory process, this interaction have led to the claim that obesity can be a risk determinant for the progression of periodontal disease. The issues such as the subclinical chronic inflammation caused by proinflammatory cytokines secreted from adipose tissue and systemic general stress caused by increased adiposity as well as the similarities of the pathophysiologic responses caused by obesity-periodontitis suggest that the two diseases may interact with each other. The effects of systemic and chronic inflammatory effects of obesity on the healthy and diseased periodontal tissues are still controversial. In the light of the recent literature, this review aimed to give information about the effect of obesity and obesity-related oxidative stress on periodontal disease pathogenesis.

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