Kanserde yeni bir hedef haline gelen çok yönlü Sox2 geni

Sox2 proteini, farklılaşmamış erken embriyo kök hücrelerinin ve çeşitli yetişkin kök hücrelerinin gelişimi ve devamlılığının düzenlenmesinde rol oynayan bir transkripsiyon faktörüdür. Sox2, diğer pluripotensi faktörleri gibi posttranskripsiyonel ve post-translasyonel değişimlere uğramakta, böylece DNA'ya bağlanma aktivitesi değişebilmektedir. Sox2, kanser hücrelerinin çoğalması, invazyon, göç ve metastazında, tümör hücre ve kök hücre statüsünün devamında, hücresel programlama, apoptoz ve kemodirenç gelişimi gibi pek çok kanser aşamasında yer almaktadır. Bazı farklı bulgulara karşın çoğunlukla Sox2'nin kanser hücrelerinde anti-apoptotik bir faktör olarak çalıştığı konusunda uzlaşma vardır. Bu derlemede, Sox2'nin kök hücre devamlılığı, farklılaşması ve sinyal iletimindeki rollerini, bunun yanında gen çoğalmasıyla onkojenik özelliği kazanmasını ve moleküler hedef olarak kullanılma potansiyelini de kapsayan çok yönlü özelliklerini kısaca tartışacağız.

Multifunctional Sox2 gene which turns out a new target in cancer

Sox2 protein is a transcription factor which is important for the maintenance and regulation of the permanence of undifferentiated embryonic and adult stem cells. Like the other pluripotency factors, Sox2 can be regulated by posttranscriptional and post-translational modifications which affect its binding ability to DNA. Sox2 involves in many cellular events in the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis such as proliferation of cancer cells, invasion, migration, metastasis, maintenance of stem like state of cancer stem cells, cellular programming, apoptosis and chemoresistance. Although there is a confliction, it is generally accepted Sox2 is an anti-apoptotic factor in cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the roles of Sox2 in the presence of cell stemness, differantiation and signal transduction. Also, we underline its multifunctionality with discussing Sox2 gaining oncogenic properties by amplification therefore having the potential to be used as a molecular target.

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