Psychiatric diagnosis and sociodemographic characteristics of patients admitted to psychiatry clinic in a rural area

Amaç: Ülkemizde kırsal bölgelerde bulunan hastanelere başvuran psikiyatri hastalarının özellikleri hakkında yapılmış araştırma sayısı çok azdır. Çalışmamızda, ilk kez psikiyatri polikliniği hizmeti alan kırsal bir bölgede psikiyatrik bozuklukların tanı dağılımları ve tanıların sosyo-demografik özelliklerle ilişkisini saptamak amaçlanmıştır Yöntem: 6 aylık bir süreçte Kütahya Gediz İlçe Devlet Hastanesi psikiyatri polikliniğine ilk başvurusu olan hastaların DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerini kapsayan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme ile muayeneleri yapılmış, hastaların sosyo-demografik verileri toplanmıştır. 18 yaş üstü 555 kişi değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Bulgular: Polikliniğe başvuranların yaş ortalaması 44.7 olarak bulunmuştur. Başvuranların %67.2si (n=373) kadın %32.8i erkektir (n=182). Başvuran hastaların 20sine ilk başvuruda tanı konulamamış olup belirtiler eşik alt olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kalan 535 kişide ise en sık konulan tanı duygudurum bozukluklarıdır (n=249, %44) Bundan sonra en sık görülen psikiyatrik rahatsızlıklar sırasıyla anksiyete bozuklukları (n=179, %32.5), psikotik bozukluklar (n=52, %9.4), uyum bozuklukları (n=26, %4.7) ve somatoform bozukluklardır (n=21, %3,8). Diabetes mellitus, hipertansiyon ve hipotiroid dahil komorbiditeler psikiyatrik hastalarda sıklıkla gözlend (n=163, %29.4). Çalışmamızda cinsiyet, yaşanılan yer ile tanılar karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmamışken, uyum bozuklukları tanısının diğer gruplara göre daha erken yaşta görüldüğü gözlenmiştir. Evli kişilerde ruhsal hastalıkların daha sık görüldüğü saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmada başvuran hastaların yaş ortalamalarının geçmişte yapılan çalışmalara göre yüksek olduğu çoğunlukla kadınların başvuruda bulunduğu görülmüştür. Evlilik ve ruhsal hastalıklar arasındaki anlamlı ilişk dikkat çekicidir. Psikiyatrik tanıya somatik hastalıkların sıklıkla eşlik etmesi ise klinisyenlerin dikkat etmes gereken önemli bir konudur.

Kırsal bir bölgede psikiyatri polikliniğine başvuran olguların psikiyatrik tanı dağılımı ve sosyo-demografik özellikleri

Objective: There is little published literature about the characteristics of patients with mental disorders in rura hospitals. The aim of this study is to determine the mental illness and the demographics of the patients who admit to the outpatient policlinic that offers psychiatric health service for the first time in a rural state hospital Method: The semi-structured interview consisting DSM-IV diagnostic criterias were used for the patients who admitted to the psychiatry policlinic of Kutahya Gediz State Hospital in a 6-month-period Sociodemographic data were collected from 555 people aged over 18. Results: Mean age of the patients was 44.7. The rate of women was 67.2% (n=373) and male was 32.8% (n=182). The most frequent DSM-IV diagnoses were mood disorders (n=249, 44%), anxiety disorders (n=179, 32.5%), psychotic disorders (n=52, 9.4%), adjustment disorders (n=26, 4.7%) and somatoform disorders (n=21, 3.8%). Twenty of people had subthreshold symptoms and could not be diagnosed Comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypothyroid were frequently observed in psychiatric patients (n=163, 29.4%). Adjustment disorders were mostly seen at younger ages. Psychiatric disorders were most common in married people. Conclusion: The mean age of the patients were found older than previous studies. Women were more commonly admitting to the outpatient psychiatric policlinic. Its remarkable that marriage and psychiatric disorders have a strong association in the rural setting. Clinicians also should consider about comorbid somatic diseases.

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