Neurobiology, Genetics and Treatment of Alcohol Craving

Alkol aşermesi son 10 yılda, giderek artan bir şekilde, alkol kullanım bozukluklarında önemli bir sorun olarak kabul edilmektedir. Alkol aşermesi ile ilgili yapılan biyolojik çalışmalar, daha çok nörobiyoloji, genetik ve bu durumun farmakolojik tedavisi üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Biz bu yazımızda, reseptör sistemlerinden başlayarak, alkol aşermesinin genetiği ve epigenetiğini gözden geçirdik. Son olarak da, alkol aşermesinde kullanılan ana ilaçlardan başlayarak, alkol aşermesinde kullanılması muhtemel diğer ilaçları ve gelecekteki olası tedavi seçeneklerini açıklamaya çalıştık

Alkol aşermesinin nörobiyolojisi, genetiği ve tedavisi

Alcohol craving has increasingly been considered an important issue in alcohol use disorders in the last decade. Biologic studies on alcohol craving were mainly focused on neurobiology, genetics and pharmacological treatment of this condition. In this report, we started from receptor systems, than we explained genetics and epigenetics of alcohol craving. At last, we described the main drugs currently used in the treatment of alcohol craving. Other potential drugs and future choices for treating alcohol craving were also described

___

  • 1. Turkcan A. The mechanism of alcohol craving. Journal of Addiction 2002; 3:37-42. (Turkish)
  • 2. Ulug B. Alkol ve Madde bagimliliginin norobiyolojisi In Yuksel N (Editor). Temel Psikofarmakoloji. Ankara: Tuna Matbaacilik, 2010; 367-375. (Turkish)
  • 3. Koob GF, Volkow ND. Neurocircuitry of addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010; 35:217-238.
  • 4. Berridge KC. The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive salience. Psychoparmacology (Berl) 2007; 191:391-431.
  • 5. Agrawal A, Wetherill L, Bucholz KK, Kramer J, Kuperman S, Lynskey MT, Nurnberger JI Jr, Schuckit M, Tischfield JA, Edenberg HJ, Foroud T, Bierut LJ. Genetic influences on craving for alcohol. Addict Behav 2013;38:1501-1508.
  • 6. Addolorato G, Leggio L, Abenavoli L, Gasbarrini G; Alcoholism Treatment Study Group. Neurobiochemical and clinical aspects of craving in alcohol addiction: a review. Addict Behav 2005; 30:1209-1224.
  • 7. Gurpunar D, Tokucoglu D. Craving of addictive substances and the dreams related with these substances. Journal of Addiction 2006; 7:38-43. (Turkish).
  • 8. Guveli H, Saatcioglu O. Craving in addiction. Bulletin of clinical Psychopharmacology 2008; 18:140-152. (Turkish)
  • 9. Evren C, Celik S, Evren B, Aksoy R. Validation study of the Turkish version of the obsessive–compulsive drinking scale in male alcohol dependent inpatients. Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neuorological Sciences 2011; 24:1-12.
  • 10. Evren C, Flannery B, Celik R, Durkaya M, Dalbudak E. Reliability and validity of Turkish version the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) in male alcohol dependent inpatients. Journal of Addiction 2008; 9:128-134. (Turkish)
  • 11. Evren C, Durkaya M, Celik R, Dalbudak E, Cakmak D, Flannery B. Relationship of alcohol craving with alexithymia and dissociation in male alcohol dependent inpatients. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2009; 10:165-173. (Turkish)
  • 12. Sengul C, Herken H. Dopaminerjic system and addiction. Journal of Addiction 2009; 10:155-161. (Turkish)
  • 13. Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Wang GJ. The addicted human brain: insights from imaging studies. J Clin Invest 2003; 111;1444-1451.
  • 14. Anton RF. Pharmacological approaches to the management of alcoholism. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2001; 62 (Suppl.20):11- 17.
  • 15. Wurst FM, Rasmussen DD, Hillemacher T, Kraus T, Ramskogler K, Lesch O, Bayerlein K, Schanze A, Wilhelm J, Junghanns K, Schulte T, Dammann G, Pridzun L, Wiesbeck G, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Alcoholism, craving, and hormones: the role of leptin, ghrelin, prolactin, and the pro-opiomelanocortin system in modulating ethanol intake. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2007; 31:1963- 1967.
  • 16. Hillemacher T, Kahl KG, Heberlein A, Muschler MA, Eberlein C, Frieling H, Bleich S. Appetite- and volume-regulating neuropeptides: role in treating alcohol dependence. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2010; 11:1097-1106.
  • 17. Addolorato G, Leggio L, Hillemacher T, Kraus T, Jerlhag E, Bleich S. Hormones and drinking behaviour: new findings on ghrelin, insulin, leptin and volume-regulating hormones. An ESBRA Symposium report. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009; 28:160- 165.
  • 18. Hilburn C, Nejtek VA, Underwood WA, Singh M, Patel G, Gangwani P, Forster MJ. Is serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor related to craving for or use of alcohol, cocaine, or methamphetamine? Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2011; 7:357- 364.
  • 19. Hillemacher T, Weinlnd C, Heberlein A, Gröschl M, Schanze A, Frieling H, Wilhelm J, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Increased levels of adiponectin and resistin in alcohol dependence-possible link to craving. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009; 99:333-337.
  • 20. Sengul C, Herken H. From genetics to epigenetics: alcohol addiction. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2009; 10:239-245. (Turkish)
  • 21. Ait-Daoud N, Roache JD, Dawes MA, Liu L, Wang XQ, Javors MA, Seneviratne C, Johnson BA. Can serotonin transporter genotype predict craving in alcoholism? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2009; 33:1329-1335.
  • 22. Ait-Daoud N, Seneviratne C, Smith JB, Roache JD, Dawes MA, Liu L, Wang XQ, Johnson BA. Preliminary evidence for cueinduced alcohol craving modulated by serotonin transporter gene polymorphism rs1042173. Front Psychiatry 2012;16;3:6. 23. Thompson RD, Heffner JL, Strong JA, Blom TJ, Anthenelli RM.
  • Relationship between the serotonin transporter polymorphism and obsessive-compulsive alcohol craving in alcohol-dependent adults: a pilot study. Alcohol 2010; 44:401-406.
  • 24. Ray LA. Stress-induced and cue-induced craving for alcohol in heavy drinkers: preliminary evidence of genetic moderation by the OPRM1 and CRH-BP genes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2011; 35:166-174.
  • 25. Lenz B, Jacob C, Frieling H, Jacobi A, Hillemacher T, Muschler M, Watson K, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Polymorphism of the long polyglutamine tract in the human androgen receptor influences craving of men in alcohol withdrawal. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009; 34:968-971.
  • 26. Foroud T, Wetherill LF, Liang T, Dick DM, Hesselbrock V, Kramer J, Nurnberger J, Schuckit M, Carr L, Porjesz B, Xuei X, Edenberg HJ. Association of alcohol craving with alphasynuclein (SNCA). Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2007; 31:537-545.
  • 27. Han DH, Bolo N, Daniels MA, Lyoo IK, Min KJ, Kim CH, Renshaw PF. Craving for alcohol and food during treatment for alcohol dependence: modulation by T allele of 1519T>C GABAAalpha6. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2008; 32:1593-1599.
  • 28. Sengül C, Herken H. From genetics to epigenetics: heritability in schizophrenia. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Psychiatry Special Topics 2010; 3:24-29. (Turkish)
  • 29. Tsankova N, Renthal W, Kumar A, Nestler EJ. Epigenetic regulation in psychiatric disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci 2007; 8:355-367.
  • 30. Kocak EE, Ertugrul A. Psychiatricdisorders and epigenetics. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2012; 23:130-140. (Turkish)
  • 31. Nestler EJ. Molecular mechanisms of drug addiction. Neuropharmacology 2004; 47:24-32.
  • 32. Soyka M, Roesner S. New pharmacological approaches for the treatment of alcoholism. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2006; 7:2341-2353.
  • 33. Toker Ugurlu T, Balci Sengul C, Sengul C. Psychopharmacology of addiction. Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2012; 4:37-50. (Turkish)
  • 34. Olive MF. Pharmacotherapies for alcoholism: the old and the new. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2010; 9:2-4.
  • 35. Barth KS, Malcolm RJ. Disulfiram: an old therapeutic with new applications. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2010; 9:5-12.
  • 36. Johnson BA. Update on neuropharmacological treatments for alcoholism: scientific basis and clinical findings. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 75:34-56.
  • 37. Rezvani AH, Lawrence AJ, Arolfo MP, Levin ED, Overstreet DH. Novel medication targets for the treatment of alcoholism: preclinical studies. Recent Pat CNS Drug Discov 2012; 7:151-162.
  • 38. Kiefer F, Mann K. Acamprosate: how, where, and for whom does it work? Mechanism of action, treatment targets, and individualized therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2010; 16:2098-2102.
  • 39. Kiefer F, Jahn H, Otte C, Naber D, Wiedemann K. Hypothalamicpituitary-adrenocortical axis activity: a target of pharmacological anticraving treatment? Biol Psychiatry 2006; 60:74-76.
  • 40. Han DH, Lyool IK, Sung YH, Lee SH, Renshaw PF. The effect of acamprosate on alcohol and food craving in patients with alcohol dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2008; 93:279-283.
  • 41. Mann K, Lehert P, Morgan MY. The efficacy of acamprosate in the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol-dependent individuals: results of a meta-analysis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004; 28:51-63.
  • 42. Mason BJ, Lehert P. Acamprosate for alcohol dependence: a sexspecific meta-analysis based on individual patient data. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:497-508.
  • 43. Addolorato G, Abenavoli L, Leggio L, Gasbarrini G. How many cravings? Pharmacological aspects of craving treatment in alcohol addiction: a review. Neuropsychobiology 2005; 51:59- 66.
  • 44. Soyka M, De Vry J. Flupenthixol as a potential pharmacotreatment of alcohol and cocaine abuse/dependence. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2000; 10:325-332. 45. Ray LA, Chin PF, Heydari A, Miotto K. A human lab oratory study of the effects of quetiapine on subjective intoxication and alcohol craving. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 217:341-351.
  • 46. Martinotti G, Di Nicola M, Di Giannantonio M, Janiri L. Aripiprazole in the treatment of patients with alcohol dependence: a double-blind, comparison trial vs. naltrexone. J Psychopharmacol 2009; 23:123-129.
  • 47. Kenna GA, Lomastro TL, Schiesl A, Leggio L, Swift RM. Review of topiramate: an antiepileptic for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Curr Drug Abuse Rev 2009; 2:135-142.
  • 48. Gache P. Baclofen: the new miracle cure for alcoholism? Rev Med Suisse 2011; 13:1458-1461.
  • 49. Johnson BA, Roache JD, Ait-Daoud N, Zanca NA, Velazquez M. Ondansetron reduces the craving of biologically predisposed alcoholics. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2002; 160:408-413.
  • 50. Addolorato G, Cibin M, Capristo E, Beghè F, Gessa GL, Stefanini GF, Gasbarrini G: Maintaining abstinence from alcohol with gammahydroxybutyric acid. Lancet 1998; 351:38.
  • 51. McGregor IS, Gallate JE. Rats on the grog: novel pharmacotherapies for alcohol craving. Addict Behav 2004; 29:1341-1357.
  • 52. Mishra BR, Nizamie SH, Das B, Praharaj SK. Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in alcohol dependence: a sham-controlled study. Addiction 2010; 105:49-55.
Düşünen Adam - Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1018-8681
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1984
  • Yayıncı: Kare Yayıncılık
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Neurobiology, Genetics and Treatment of Alcohol Craving

Cem ŞENGÜL, Nesrin DİLBAZ

A Rarely Diagnosed Sleep Disorder: Narcolepsy

Pınar Güzel ÖZDEMİR, Yavuz SELVİ

Evaluation of Suicide Attempts that Referred to a University Hospital Emergency Department

MEHMET ASOĞLU, Abdurrahman ALTINDAĞ, FERİDUN BÜLBÜL

The Correlation of Suicide Attempt and Suicidal Ideation with Insight, Depression and Severity of Illness in Schizophrenic Patients

Gökhan UMUT, Zeren Ozturk ALTUN, Birim S. DANIŞMANT, İlker KÜÇÜKPARLAK, Nesrin KARAMUSTAFALIOĞLU, Mehmet Cem İLNEM

A Possible Cause of Secondary Traumas for Children in Justice System of Turkey: Attitudes of Prosecutors and Judges

ONUR BURAK DURSUN, İbrahim Selçuk ESİN, Mustafa GÜLEÇ, MUSTAFA TALİP ŞENER, Fatma Varol TAŞ, Nazım Ercüment BEYHUN, MEHMET GÖDEKLİ

Comparison of First Episode and Recurrent Major Depression Patients in Terms of Cognitive Function

Cigdem Ciftci KAYGUSUZ, Özden ARISOY, M Hamid BOZTAS, Mustafa SERCAN

Psychometric Properties of The Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) in Heroin Dependent Adults and Adolescents with Drug Use Disorder

Cüneyt EVREN, FATMA YEŞİM CAN, Alkin YILMAZ, Ethem OVALI, Sera CETİNGOK, Vahapt KARABULUT, ELİF MUTLU

Evaluating The Subtypes of Panic Disorder by using Principal Component Analysis

Ramazan KONKAN, Ömer ŞENORMANCI, Oya GÜÇLÜ, Erkan AYDIN, Murat ERKIRAN

Seventy-two Months Ongoing Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus after Discontinuation of Lithium: A Case Report

GÜLÇİN ELBOĞA, Ahmet ÜNAL, Gökay ALPAK, Umut ELBOĞA, Mesut ÖZKAYA, Haluk SAVAŞ, FERİDUN BÜLBÜL

Electroconvulsive Therapy in A Major Depression Patient with Arachnoid Cyst

Bahadır DEMİR, İhsan AKSOY, Gökay ALPAK, Ahmet ÜNAL, Haluk SAVAŞ, FERİDUN BÜLBÜL