___

1. Connolly TM, Boyle EA, MacArthur E, Hainey T, Boyle JM. A systematic literature review of empirical evidence on computer games and serious games. Comput Educ 2012; 59:661-686.

2. Griffiths MD. The therapeutic and health benefits of playing video games. In: Attrill-Smith A, Fullwood C, Keep M, Kuss DJ (editors) The Oxford Handbook of Cyberpsychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019; 485-505.

3. Gentile DA, Choo H, Liau A, Sim T, Li D, Fung D, et al. Pathological video game use among youths: a two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics 2011; 127:e319-29.

4. Baggio S, Dupuis M, Studer J, Spilka S, Daeppen JB, Simon O, et al. Reframing video gaming and internet use addiction: empirical cross-national comparison of heavy use over time and addiction scales among young users. Addiction 2016; 111:513- 522.

5. Zajac K, Ginley MK, Chang R, Petry NM. Treatments for Internet gaming disorder and Internet addiction: A systematic review. Psychol Addict Behav 2017; 31:979-994.

6. Antons S, Brand M, Potenza MN. Neurobiology of cue-reactivity, craving, and inhibitory control in non-substance addictive behaviors. J Neurol Sci 2020; 415:116952.

7. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fifth ed., Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.

8. Petry NM, O’Brien CP. Internet gaming disorder and the DSM-5. Addiction 2013; 108:1186-1187.

9. Petry NM, Rehbein F, Gentile DA, Lemmens JS, Rumpf HJ, Mößle T, et al. An international consensus for assessing internet gaming disorder using the new DSM-5 approach. Addiction 2014; 109:1399-1406.

10. Montag C, Schivinski B, Sariyska R, Kannen C, Demetrovics Z, Pontes HM. Psychopathological Symptoms and Gaming Motives in Disordered Gaming-A Psychometric Comparison between the WHO and APA Diagnostic Frameworks. J Clin Med 2019; 8:1691.

11. World Health Organization 2018. International classification of diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11). ICD-11 Beta Draft: Gaming Disorder. www.who. int/classifications/icd/. Accessed 25 August, 2020.

12. Saunders JB, Hao W, Long J, King DL, Mann K, Fauth-Bühler M, et al. Gaming disorder: Its delineation as an important condition for diagnosis, management, and prevention. J Behav Addict 2017; 6:271-279.

13. World Health Organization. 6C51 Gaming disorder 2019. https:// www.who.int/features/qa/gaming-disorder/en/. Accessed 5 September, 2020.

14. Entertainment Software Association. 2019 Essential Facts About the Computer and Video Game Industry 2019. https:// www.theesa.com/esa-research/2019-essential-facts-about-thecomputer-and-video-game-industry/. Accessed 5 September, 2020.

15. Interactive Games & Entertainment Association. Digital Australia 2018. Eveleigh, NSW: IGEA. https://igea.net/2017/07/digitalaustralia-2018-da18/ Accessed 5 September, 2020.

16. Demetrovics Z, Urbán R, Nagygyörgy K, Farkas J, Zilahy D, Mervó B, et al. Why do you play? The development of the motives for online gaming questionnaire (MOGQ). Behav Res Methods. 2011; 43:814-825.

17. King D, Delfabbro P. Treatment for IGD: In King D, Delfabbro P (Editors). Internet Gaming Disorder. 1st ed., Theory, Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention Academic Press, 2019.

18. Bányai F, Griffiths MD, Király O, Demetrovics Z. The Psychology of Esports: A Systematic Literature Review. J Gambl Stud 2019; 35:351-365.

19. Griffiths M. The psychosocial impact of professional gambling, professional video gaming and eSports. Casino & Gaming International 2017; 28:59-63.

20. Hamari J, Sjöblom M. What is eSports and why do people watch it? Internet Research 2017; 27.

21. Newzoo. Global Esports Market Report 2017. https ://newzoo. com/insig hts/trend -repor ts/globa l-espor ts-marke t-repor t-2017-light/. Accessed 5 September, 2020

22. Smith AC, Stewart B. The special features of sport: a critical revisit. Sport Manage Rev 2010; 13:1-13.

23. Evren C, Dalbudak E, Topcu M, Kutlu N, Evren B, Pontes HM. Psychometric validation of the Turkish nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF). Psychiatry Res 2018; 265:349-354.

24. Hallmann K, Giel T. eSports – Competitive sports or recreational activity? Sport Management Review 2018; 21:14-20.

25. Van Hilvoorde I, Pot N. Embodiment and fundamental motor skills in eSports. Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 2016; 10:14–27.

26. Van Hilvoorde I. Sport and play in a digital world. Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 2016; 10:1-4.

27. King DL. Online gaming and gambling in children and adolescentsNormalising gambling in cyber places: a rewiew of the literature. Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, Melbourne, 2018. file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/Online-gaming-and-gambling-inchildren-and-adolescents_.pdf Accessed 5 September, 2020.

28. Li W, Mills D, Nower L. The relationship of loot box purchases to problem video gaming and problem gambling. Addict Behav 2019; 97:27-34.

29. Kristiansen S, Severin MC. Loot box engagement and problem gambling among adolescent gamers: Findings from a national survey. Addict Behav 2020; 103:106254.

30. Zendle D, Cairns P. Loot boxes are again linked to problem gambling: Results of a replication study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213194.

31. Macey J, Hamari J. The Games We Play: Relationships between game genre, business model and loot box opening. GamiFIN Conference 2019, Levi, Finland, April 8-10, 2019; 193-204.

32. Larche CJ, Chini K, Lee C, Dixon MJ, Fernandes M. Rare loot box rewards trigger larger arousal and reward responses, and greater urge to open more loot boxes. J Gambl Stud 2019 doi: 10.1007/s10899-019-09913-5

33. Drummond A, Sauer JD, Ferguson CJ, Hall LC. The relationship between problem gambling, excessive gaming, psychological distress and spending on loot boxes in Aotearoa New Zealand, Australia, and the United States-A cross-national survey. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230378.

34. Zendle D. Problem gamblers spend less money when loot boxes are removed from a game: a before and after study of Heroes of the Storm. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7700.

35. Zendle D, Meyer R, Over H. Adolescents and loot boxes: links with problem gambling and motivations for purchase. R Soc Open Sci 2019; 6:190049.

36. Brooks GA, Clark L. Associations between loot box use, problematic gaming and gambling, and gambling-related cognitions. Addict Behav 2019; 96:26-34.

37. King DL, Delfabbro PH. The concept of “harm” in Internet gaming disorder. J Behav Addict. 2018; 7:562-564.

38. Drummond A, Sauer JD, Hall LC. Loot box limit-setting: a potential policy to protect video game users with gambling problems? Addiction 2019; 114:935-936.

39. King DL, Delfabbro PH. Predatory monetization schemes in video games (e.g. ‘loot boxes’) and internet gaming disorder. Addiction 2018; 113:1967-1969.

40. McCaffrey M. A cautious approach to public policy and loot box regulation. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106136.

41. Ko CH, Yen JY. Impact of COVID-19 on gaming disorder: Monitoring and prevention. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:187-189.

42. King DL, Delfabbro PH, Billieux J, Potenza MN. Problematic online gaming and the COVID-19 pandemic. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:184-186.

43. Amin KP, Griffiths MD, Dsouza DD. Online Gaming During the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Strategies for Work-Life Balance. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020:1-7 doi: 10.1007/s11469-020-00358-1

44. Király O, Potenza MN, Stein DJ, King DL, Hodgins DC, Saunders JB, et al. Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID19 pandemic: Consensus guidance. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 100:152180.

45. Griffiths MD, Pontes HM. The future of Gaming Disorder research and player protection: What role should the video gaming industry and researchers play? Int J Ment Health Addict 2020; 18:784-790.