TÜRK MADEN MEVZUATI GELİŞİMİNDE NEZARETÇİLİK

Maden sahalarının işçi sağlığı ve iş güvenliği (İSG) açısından denetiminin sağlanması için mevzuat gelişiminde Maden Kanunu ve ilgili yönetmeliklerde çeşitli nezaretçilik sistemleri uygulanmıştır. Bir maden işletmesinde nezaretçi atanmadan maden işletme faaliyetleri gerçekleştirilememektedir. Türkiye’de mevzuat gelişiminde nezaretçilik sistemi ve uygulamaları konusunda birtakım değişiklikler yapılmıştır. Bu denli köklü değişikliklerin yaşanması dikkate alındığında, yalnızca kanun yapıcıların değil, maden işletmelerinin denetiminden ve gözetiminden bizzat sorumlu ve sahada görev yapan nezaretçilerin gözünden de mevzuatın değerlendirilmesi faydalı olabilecektir. Bu çalışmada, 1858 tarihli Arazi Kanunu’ndan günümüze değin; “nezaretçilik sistemi”, “nezaretçi atanma koşulu”, “maden işletmesinde çalışan işçi sayısı başına nezaretçi koşulu”, “her maden işletmesinde en az bir nezaretçi bulundurma koşulu” ve “nezaretçinin iş başında daimi olarak bulunma zorunluluğunun olup olmadığı, “nezaretçilik sorumluluğunda alınabilecek azami maden ruhsat sayısı” gibi maden işletmelerindeki güvenliği ve denetimi sağlayan ve etkileyen farklı konulardaki uygulamaların değişimi analiz edilmiştir. Ardından, nezaretçilerin gözünden bu konuda maden mevzuatında sık yapılan değişikliklerin ve diğer sorunların varlığı saptanmış, ve nezaretçilerin uygulanmasını istediği “nezaretçilik sistemi analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hukuk, İş sağlığı ve güvenliği, Mühendis, Ruhsat, Yönetmelik

SUPERVISION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH MINING LEGISLATION

Various supervision systems have been applied in the Mining Law and related regulations in legislative development in order to ensure the control of mining areas in terms of occupational health and safety (OHS). In a mining enterprise, mining operation activities cannot be carried out without assigning a supervisor. In Turkey, some changes have been made regarding the supervision system and its applications in the development of legislation. Considering the experience of such fundamental changes, it would be beneficial to evaluate the legislation not only by lawmakers but also from the eyes of supervisors who are responsible for the supervision and oversight of mining operations. In this study, from the Land Law dated 1858 until today, the change of practices on different subjects that provide and affect safety and control in mining operations, such as the system of supervision, the condition of appointing a supervisor, the number of supervisors per worker in the mining operation, the condition of having at least one supervisor in each mining operation, was analyzed. In addition, whether the supervisor is obliged to be permanent at work and the maximum number of mining licenses that can be taken under the responsibility of supervision are also included in the analysis. Then, the presence of frequent changes in mining legislation and other problems in this regard was determined through the eyes of the supervisors, and the supervision system that the supervisors wanted to be implemented was analyzed.

Keywords:

Engineer Law, License, Occupational health and safety, Operation, Regulation,

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