Farklı Karakteristikli Piezoelektrik Algılayıcıların Dinamik Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması

Günümüzde piezoelektrik malzemeler algılayıcı veya uyarıcı olarak mühendislik uygulamalarında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. En yaygın kullanılan piezoelektrik malzeme kurşun-zirkonyum-titanyum (PZT) piezo seramiktir. Piezo seramikler karakteristik özelliklerine göre yumuşak ve sert olarak iki ana sınıfa ayrılırlar ve PZT-2, PZT-4, PZT-5A, PZT-5H, PZT-8 olarak isimlendirilirler. Bu çalışmada, akıllı bir kirişte farklı karakteristikti piezoelektrik algılayıcının dinamik cevapları sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanılarak ANSYS/Workbench programında incelenmiştir. Akıllı kiriş, alüminyum kiriş ile bir piezoelektrik algılayıcı ve bir piezoelektrik uyarıcıdan oluşmuştur. Akıllı kirişte hem uç noktasına tekil kuvvet, hem uyarıcıya voltaj, darbe ve adım girdiler şeklinde uygulanmıştır. Algılayıcı ve yer değiştirme sinyalleri dinamik analiz yapılarak elde edilmiştir. Akıllı kirişin piezoelektrik algılayıcı konumu ve karakteristiğine göre farklı dinamik cevaplar verdiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Piezoelektrik, Adım Girdi, Darbe Girdi, Akıllı Kiriş, Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi

Comparison of Dynamic Performance of Piezoelectric Sensors With Different Characteristic

Nowadays, piezoelectric materials have been widely used as a sensor or an actuator in engineering applications. The most commonly used piezoelectric material is lead-zirconate-titanium (PZT) ceramic. According to the characteristics, piezo ceramics are classified into two main classes, soft PZTs and hard PZTs, and they are called as PZT-2, PZT-4, PZT-5A, PZT-5H, PZT-8. In this work, dynamic responses of a piezoelectric sensor with different characteristics of a smart beam were investigated by using the finite element method in ANSYS/Workbench program. The smart beam was composed of an aluminum beam and a PZT sensor and a PZT actuator. Both a single force to the end point and a voltage to the actuator were applied in the smart beam in the form of impulse and step inputs. Sensor and displacement signals were obtained by performing the dynamic analysis. It was observed that the smart beam has varied dynamic responses via the location and characteristic of piezoelectric sensor.

Keywords:

Piezoelectric, Step Input, Impulse Input, Smart Beam, Finite Element Analysis,

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