Gelişimsel Yetersizliği Olan Bireylere Ürün Satın Alma Becerilerinin Öğretildiği Çalışmaların İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, uluslararası alanyazında 2006-2016 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen ve gelişimsel yetersizliği (GY) olan bireylere ürün satın alma becerisinin öğretildiği tek-denekli araştırmaları demografik ve metodolojik özelliklerine göre niteliksel olarak analiz etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda dâhil etme ölçütlerini karşılayan 21 tek-denekli araştırma demografik ve metodolojik özelliklerine ilişkin olarak tablo ve grafikler üzerinde analiz edilmiş ve elde edilen sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen araştırmalar aynı zamanda “Tek-Denekli Araştırmalar Niteliksel Ölçütleri” açısından da değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra elde edilen sonuçların GY olan bireyler açısından etkileri de kapsamlı şekilde incelenmiştir. Araştırma sistematik alanyazın taramasıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre ürün satın alma becerisinin daha çok zihin yetersizliği olan bireylerle çalışıldığı, öğretimin okul ve toplumsal ortamlarda bire-bir (1:1) öğretim düzenlemesiyle gerçekleştiği görülmektedir. Araştırmaların bağımsız değişkenlerinin çoğunlukla video, bilgisayar, telefon uygulamaları gibi teknoloji destekli uygulamalardan oluştuğu görülmektedir. Tek-denekli araştırmalar niteliksel ölçütleri açısından göstergelerin tamamını karşılayan 1, kabul edilebilir ölçütlerini karşılayan 13 araştırmanın olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırmaların bulguları doğrultusunda yeni çalışmaların benzetim ve toplum temelli öğretimin bir arada kullanıldığı eş zamanlı öğretim planlamasıyla, aile, akran gibi farklı uygulamacılarla, ileri düzey teknoloji uygulamaları gibi farklı öğretim uygulamalarıyla ve grup öğretimiyle gerçekleştirilmesi önerilmektedir.

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