'SCOTLAND, NATION-STATES AND BEYOND': NATIONAL IDENTITY AND CULTURE IN KATHLEEN JAMIE'S POEMS “INTERREGNUM” AND “23/09/14”

The issue of national identity, which gained prominence in Scottish poetry after World War I, has played a signicant role in initiating the Scottish independence movement, as well as uncovering and re-establishing certain traditional qualities in Scottish poetry at the turn of the century. Kathleen Jamie is one of the contemporary Scottish poets who deal with national identity in their works. Although Jamie's work is characterized by a keen interest in nature and the environment, her work is also preoccupied with issues related to Scotland and Scottish culture. Furthermore, Jamie has also contributed to the independence movement in Scotland which resulted in a devolved Scottish Parliament in 1999. As an ardent supporter of independence, Jamie has dealt with the cultural past and current political state of Scotland in her poems as well as Scottish identity, its dialects, culture, and political history. In this respect, this paper will focus on how the political issues concerning the national and cultural state of Scotland are dealt with in Jamie's two poems “Interregnum”, and “23/09/14” from her two poetry collections; respectively Jizzen (1999) which was written during the devolution referendum of 1997, and her latest collection, The Bonniest Company (2016), which was written during the independence referendum of 2014.

'İSKOÇYA, ULUS-DEVLETLER VE ÖTESİ: KATHLEEN JAMİE'NİN “INTERREGNUM” VE “23/09/14” ŞİİRLERİNDE ULUSAL KİMLİK VE KÜLTÜR

Birinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra İskoç şiirinde öne çıkan İskoç ulusal kimlik bilinci ile ilgili konular, İskoç bağımsızlık hareketinin başlaması ve yüzyıl dönümü İskoç şiirinde belli başlı geleneksel yazınsal özelliklerin ortaya çıkmasında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Çağdaş bir İskoç şairi olan Kathleen Jamie, söz konusu ulusal kimlik konusunu yazınına taşıyan yazarlardan birisi olmuştur. Genelde Jamie doğa ve çevre ile ilintili konulara odaklansa da eserlerinde, İskoçya ve İskoç kültürü konularına da yer vermektedir. Hatta yazar, 1999'da İskoçya'da, sonucunda bağımsız bir İskoç Parlamentosu hakkı elde edilen bağımsızlık hareketine de katkıda bulunmuştur. Jamie, bağımsızlığın tutkulu bir destekçisi olarak, şiirlerinde İskoçya'nın kültürel geçmişi, kimliği ve mevcut siyasi durumunu ve bunun yanı sıra lehçeleri ve siyasi tarihini de ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma, İskoçya'nın ulusal kimliğinin, siyasi durumunun ve kültürünün ele alındığı “Interregnum” ve “23/09/14” adlı şiirlerine odaklanacaktır. Söz konusu şiirler sırasıyla Jamie'nin 1997 referandumu sırasında yazmış olduğu Jizzen (1999) ve 2014 bağımsızlık referandumu sürecinde yazmış olduğu The Bonniest Companie (2014) adlı şiir kitaplarından alınmıştır.

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