Budizm’in Çin’e Girişinde İpek Yolunun Önemi ve İşlevi

İpek yolu, yaklaşık olarak MÖ 200’lerde Doğu’yu Batı’ya bağlayan antik bir ticaret yolu olarak kurulmuştur. İpek başta olmak üzere Çin’de üretilen ürünler tarihi yol vası-tasıyla Orta Asya’yı aşarak Hint Alt kıtasına, İran’a, Anadolu’ya, Arap ülkelerine ve Avrupa’ya taşınmıştır. İpek yolundaki ticari faaliyetler çağlar boyunca sadece ürün ve eşyaların değil aynı zamanda yeni teknolojilerin, felsefi düşüncelerin, kültürlerin ve dinlerin de taşınmasını sağlamıştır. Bundan ötürü İpek yolu tarih boyunca siyasi, dini ve kültürel etkileşimin merkezi olmuştur. İpek yolundaki ticari etkinlikler neticesinde Budizm farklı kültürlerle ve topluluklarla tanışma fırsatı bulmuştur. İpek yolundaki baş-lıca ticaret merkezi olan Merv, Buhara ve Semerkand MS II. yüzyıldan itibaren başlıca Budist merkezleri olmuştur. Budizm, tüccarların maddi desteğiyle İpek yolunu kullana-rak Çine ve Asya’nın diğer bölgelerine yayılmıştır. Çin topraklarına giren keşişler, Bu-dist kutsal metinlerini Çinceye çevirmişler, Budizm’i yerli Çin halkına anlatmışlardır.

The Importance and Function of the Silk Road in the Entrance of Buddhism into China

The Silk Road was established as an ancient tra-de route connecting the East to the West in about 200 BC. Many kinds of products which produced in China, mainly Silk, have moved passing the historical route throughout Central Asia to the Indian subcontinent, Iran, Anatolia, Arab countries and Europe. The commercial activities on the silk road have enabled not only products and goods but also new technologies, philosophical thoughts, cultures and reli-gions to be carried along during the ages. That is why the Silk Road has been a center of political, religious and cultu-ral interaction throughout history. As a result of the commer-cial activities on the Silk Road, Buddhism has found the op-portunity to meet with different cultures and communities. Merv, Bukhara and Samarkand, the main commercial center on the Silk Road, has been a major Buddhist center since the 2nd century. Buddhism spread to other regions of China and Asia using the Silk Road, with the financial support of the merchants. The monks who entered the Chinese lands translated Buddhist scriptures into Chinese, describing Buddhism to the native Chinese people.

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