Duygu VURALLI, Mete SUCU, Nazlı TOTİK DOĞAN

Yenidoğan ağırlığını etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Dünyada pek çok ülkede yenidoğan ağırlıklarında ve makrozomi oranlarında artış trendi söz konusudur. Çalışmamızın amacı 2012 ve 2016 yıllarındaki ortalama yenidoğan ağırlıklarının karşılaştırılması, yenidoğan ağırlık ortalaması ile makrozomi oranlarında artış eğiliminin olup olmadığının araştırılması ve yenidoğan cinsiyetinin, doğum şeklinin, anne yaşı ve doğumun gerçekleştiği mevsimin yenidoğan ağırlığı üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada gebeliğin 37 - 40. haftası arasında doğan toplam 1573 yenidoğana 2012 (n:687) ve 2016 (n=886)) ait veri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Yenidoğanların doğum ağırlığı, cinsiyeti, gestasyon yaşı, anne yaşı, doğum şekli ve doğumun gerçekleştiği mevsime ait veriler istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Makrozomi oranında (doğum ağırlığı ≥ 4000 g) 2012'de %4.9' dan 2016' da %8.1'e artış olduğu tespit edildi Her iki yıl için de anne yaşı ile yenidoğan ağırlığı arasında zayıf pozitif korelasyon olduğu saptandı. Sezaryen ile doğan bebeklerin ortalama yenidoğan ağırlığının 2016 yılında normal yolla doğanlardan daha fazla olduğu tespit edildi. Doğumun gerçekleştiği mevsimin doğum ağırlığı üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı bulundu. Sonuç: Makrozomi oranlarında 2016 yılında 2012 yılına göre bir artış olduğu tespit edildi. Anne yaşı ve yenidoğanın cinsiyetinin yenidoğan ağırlığını etkilediği fakat doğumun gerçekleştiği mevsimin yenidoğan ağırlığı üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı tespit edildi. Anne yaşı, yenidoğanın cinsiyeti ve gebelik yaşı makrozomi için bağımsız risk faktörleri olarak kabul edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yenidoğan, doğum ağırlığı, makrozomi

Evaluation of the factors affecting newborn weight

Purpose: There is a trend that causes an increase in newborn weights and macrosomy rates in many countries around the world. The aim of our study is to compare the mean newborn weights in 2012 and 2016, to investigate whether there is a tendency to increase in the mean newborn weight and macrosomia rates, and to evaluate the effects of neonatal gender, mode of birth, maternal age and the season of birth on newborn weight. Materials and Methods: The data of a total of 1573 newborns 2012 (n:687) and 2016 (n=886) between 37-40 weeks of gestation were evaluated retrospectively. The data of the newborns' birth weight, gender, gestationel age, maternal age, mode of birth and season of birth were evaluated statistically. Results: It was found that there was an increase in the rate of macrosomia (birth weight ≥4000 g) from 4.9% in 2012 to 8.1% in 2016. There is a weak positive correlation between maternal age and newborn weight for both years. There was a significant increase in terms of birth weight between babies delivered by cesarean section and babies delivered by normal route 2016. It was observed that the season of birth had no effect on birth weight. Conclusion: There was an increase macrosomia rates in 2016. It was observed that maternal age and neonatal gender affected the weight of the newborn, but the seasons have no effect on neonatal weight. Maternal age, sex of newborn and gestational age were considered as independent risk factors for macrosomia.

Keywords:

Newborn, birth weight, macrosomia,

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