Okul öncesi çocukların ekran kullanım sürelerinin ebeveyn ekran kullanım alışkanlıkları ve aile işlevleri ile ilişkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmda okul öncesi çocukların ekran kullanım sürelerinin ebeveyn ekran kullanım alışkanlıkları ve aile işlevleri ile ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza Adana ili, Sarıçam ilçesinde anaokuluna devam eden çocuğu olan 198 ebeveyni dahil ettik. Veriler bir anket formu ve Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Ekran süreleri; tablet, TV, cep telefonu ve bilgisayar başında geçirilen süre toplanarak hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çocukların %57,6’sının hafta içi, %76,3’ünün hafta sonu ekran kullanım sürelerinin iki saatin üzerinde olduğu ve yaş arttıkça ekran süresinin arttığı saptandı. Ebeveynlerden %88,9’u ekran konusunda aile içi kurallarının olduğunu, %62,6’sı çocuklarının yemek yerken ekran karşısında olduğunu, %44,4’ü çocuklarının kendine ait bir ekranının olduğunu, %90,9’u aile veya çocuk hekimlerinden ekran kullanımı konusunda herhangi bir öneri almadıklarını bildirdi. Ebeveynlerin eğitim düzeyinin düşük olmasının, ekran konusunda aile içi kuralların olmamasının, çocukların kendilerine ait ekranlarının olmasının, hekimlerin ekran kullanımı konusunda öneride bulunmamasının çocukların ekran kullanım sürelerini arttırdığı bulundu. Çocukların ekran kullanım süreleri ile ebeveynlerin ekran kullanım süreleri arasında ve çocukların hafta içi ekran kullanım süreleri ile aile işlevlerinin iletişim alt ölçeği arasında ilişki saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmanın bulguları göz önüne alındığında, bu yaş grubuyla birçok teması olan aile hekimlerinin ve pediatristlerin bunu fırsata çevirerek ebeveynlere ekran kullanımı konusunda danışmanlık vermede daha aktif rol almaları için bireysel ve kurumsal girişimler önerilir.

Screen time of preschool children in relation to their parents screen usage habits and family functions

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the screen time of preschool children in relation to their parents’ screen-use habits and family functions. Materials and Methods: We included 198 parents whose children were attending a kindergarten in Sarıçam district of Adana. Data were collected using a questionnaire and the Family Assessment Scale. Screen times were calculated by adding up the time spent in front of tablets, TV, mobile phones, and computers. Results: The screen times were >2 h in 57.6% children on weekdays and in 76.3% on weekends, and screen times increased as age increased. Further, 88.9% parents indicated that they had family rules about screen use, 62.6% stated that their children were in front of the screen while eating, and 44.4% said their children had a screen of their own, whereas 90.9% told that they had not received any recommendations regarding screen use from family physicians or pediatricians. Low education level of parents, lack of family rules on screen use, children having their own screens, and having received no recommendations from doctors regarding screen use were noted to increase the screen times of children. There was a relationship between the screen times of children and that of parents as well as between screen times of children on weekdays and the communication subscale of family functions. Conclusion: From the results of the study, individual and institutional initiatives are recommended for family physicians and pediatricians who have many contacts with this age group to turn it into an opportunity and have a more active role in advising parents regarding screen use

Keywords:

Preschool screen time, parents, family physician,

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