Eren ÇAĞAN, Ahmet SOYSAL, Aşkın ŞEKER, Mustafa ŞEKER

Çocuklarda Ventriküloperitoneal Şant Enfeksiyonları ve Tedavisi

Amaç: VPS cerrahisinin en önemli komplikasyonu cerrahi sonrası dönemde gelişen santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonudur. VPS enfeksiyonlarının insidansının VPS takılan olguların tümünde %6.5-23.5 oranında olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı hidrosefalili çocuk hastalarda VPS ameliyatlarının enfeksiyon ilişkili komplikasyonlarını ve tedavilerini değerlendirmektir. Materyal ve Metod: Ocak 2011- Ocak 2013 yılları arasında hidrosefali nedeniyle VPS takılan ve cerrahi girişim sonrası enfeksiyon ilişkili komplikasyon gelişen hastalar çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi ve analiz edildi. Hastalara ait demografik özellikler, hidrosefali etyolojisi, şant takılma tarihi, VPS takılmasına ait operasyon notları, VPS enfeksiyonu tanısı konulduktan sonraki BOS örneklerine ait mikrobiyolojik ve biyokimyasal testlerin sonuçları, tedaviye yönelik olarak yapılan cerrahi müdahele ve verilen antibiyotik türleri, antibiyotiklerin kullanma süreleri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Yaşları üç gün ile 16 yaş arasında değişen, VPS enfeksiyonu tanısı ile izlenen 35 hasta değerlendirildi. VPS enfeksiyonu tanısı ile izleme alınan 35 hastanın 19’unda BOS kültüründe üreme olurken, 17 hastanın BOS kültüründe üreme olmaksızın inflamasyon bulguları mevcuttu. En sık izole edilen etken patojen coagulase negative Staphylococci (%78) idi. Hastaların BOS’larından izole edilen diğer mikroorganizmalar; Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus feacalis, Enterococcus gallinarium, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Candida albicans, Streptococcus mitis ve ESBL (-) Klebsiella pneumonia idi. Tedavi sırasında bir hasta kaybedilirken, 34 hasta şifa ile taburcu edildi. Sonuç: VPS enfeksiyonların da erken antibiyotik tedavisi verilmesinin ve enfekte şantın çıkarılmasının hayati öneme sahip olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ventriküloperitoneal Şant, Enfeksiyonu, Çocuk, Hidrosefali

Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Infection and Treatment in Children

Purpose: The most important complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) surgery is central nervous system infections developing in the postoperative period. The incidence of VPS infection in cases with VPS inserted is known to be between 6.5-23.5%. The aim of this study is to evaluate the treatment and complications relating to VPS surgery infections in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus. Material and Methods: Patients between January 2011 and January 2013 with VPS inserted for hydrocephalus and complications relating to infections after surgical intervention were included in the study. The patient files were retrospectively investigated and analyzed. Patients were evaluated based on demographic characteristics, etiology of hydrocephalus, date of shunt insertion, operation notes from the VPS insertion operation, microbiological and Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article 72 Cilt/Volume 40 Yıl/Year 2015 Ventriküloperitoneal Şant Enfeksiyonları biochemical test results on CSF samples after diagnosis of VPS infection, surgical intervention for treatment, antibiotics administered and duration of antibiotic use. Results: Thirty-five patients monitored for VPS infection diagnosis between the ages of 3 days and 16 years were evaluated. In the 35 patients monitored for VPS infection diagnosis 19 had growth in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) while 17 patients had no growth in CSF but inflammatory findings were present. The most frequently isolated effective pathogens were coagulase-negative staphylococci (78%). Other microorganisms isolated in the CSF of patients were Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus feacalis, Enterococcus gallinarium, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Candida albicans, Streptococcus mitis and ESBL (-) Klebsiella pneumonia. While one patient died during treatment, 34 patients were successfully discharged. Conclusion: We believe that early administration of antibiotic treatment and removal of the infected shunt are of vital importance.

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