Oluz Höyük kazısı dördüncü dönem (2010) çalışmaları: Değerlendirmeler ve sonuçlar

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Amasya

The 2010 season at Oluz Höyük: New results and evaluations

Amasya province is located in the North-Central Anatolia and Oluz Höyük is found within the borders of Gökhöyük Agricultural Operation Management on the twenty-seventh kilometer of Amasya-Çorum highway road. Oluz Höyük lies in the fertile Geldingen plains watered by River Çekerek, an important tributary to Yeşilırmak, flowing south of the Höyük. Oluz Höyük lies 2 km northwest of Gözlek Village, about 5 m east of Toklucak (former Oluz) Village and 3km south of Amasya-Çorum highway road. The mound measures 280 x 260 m; rises about 15m above the plain level (478.78m above the sea level); and thus covers an area of ca. 45,000 sq. m2. The 2010 campaign at Oluz Höyük was conducted in five stages: 1st Stage – Archaeogeophysical Surveys: As constructional materials of architecture buried under the soil have different properties than the soil, geophysical surveying has found wide spread use in archaeological works. In the recent years geophysical methods are extensively used to compile information about the remains buried at archaeological sites. Equipment and software have advanced so much recently in parallel to the increasing demand for obtaining quick results for shallow depths. Asst. Prof. Dr. Fethi Ahmet Yüksel and Mehmet Şafi Yıldız carried out geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys in the grid-squares I 10, I 11, I 12, I 13, J 10, J 11, J 12, J 13, J 17, K 8, K 9, K 10, K 11, K 12, K 13, K 17, L 8, L 9, L 10, L 11, K 12, L 13, L 17, L 25 covering an area of 2400 sq.m2. The work lasted from 25 July to 3 August 2010. The aim was to obtain data regarding possible building remains with their depths, extensions and locations. 2rd Stage – Archaeogeology Surveys: Ziya Görücü conducted the use of stones and their probable quarry in constructions activities at Oluz Höyük. The work lasted from 26 and 27 July 2010. 3rd Stage – Archaeobotanic Surveys: Özgür Çizer carried out on botanical remnants from Oluz Höyük by flotation machine. The work lasted from 20 July to 10 August 2010. 4rd Stage – Archaeozology Surveys: Vedat Onar conducted on zoologicial remnants from Oluz Höyük. The work lasted from 15 and 25 August 2010. 5rd Stage – Archaeological Excavations: Excavations at Oluz Höyük were conducted at four areas, namely trenches A, B, E and F. Work initiated in Trench A in 2007 continued further enlarging the area and increasing the depth. The Trench A comprises grid-squares J 13, J 15, J 16, J 17, K 13, K 15, K 16, K 17, L 14, L 15, and L 16 covering a total area of 1300 sq. m. Four building layers have been identified. Like Trench A, Trench B was also initiated in 2007 and the work in it continued with enlarging and deepening. The Trench B comprises grid-squares X 16, X 17, AA 16, AA 17 covering a total area of 400 sq. m. Trench E was started to be excavated for the first time in 2010. It covers an area of 100 sq. m at the grid-square L 26. Trench F also was started to be excavated for the first time in 2010. It covers an area of 100 sq. m at the grid-square K 9. Consequently, 9 architectural layers were detected in 2010 excavations of Oluz Höyük, carried out over a 51 day period in four trenches (A, B, E, F) in a 1900 m2 field. First four layers of trenchs A and B were determined to be contemporary, particularly from evaluations on coins and potsherds. Additionally, 1st Architectural Layer of Trench E was detected to be the contemporary of the 1st layers of trenches A and B. Meanwhile 1st and 2nd Architectural Layers of Trench F were determined to be the contemporary of the 1st and 2nd layers of trenches A and B. First four layers of trenches A and B were determined to be contemporary, particularly from evaluations on coins and potsherds. Additionally, 3rd Architectural Layer of Trench C was detected to be the contemporary of the 3rd layers of trenches A and B. In this context, 0 layer of Oluz Höyük can be dated to Medieval Age, 1st Layer to Hellenistic Period (2nd century BC and the first half of 1st century BC), 2nd Layer to Late Phase of Late Iron Age (5th and 3rd centuries BC) and 4th Layer to Late Phase of Late Iron Age (Last quarter of 5th century BC). 5th and 6th Architectural Layers, detected in Trench B, were understood to date to 7th and 8th centuries BC respectively. 7th Architectural Layer (15th and 14th centuries) and 8th Architectural Layer (13th century) belong to Late Bronze Age, i.e. Hittite Empire Period. 9th Architectural Layer dates roughly to Early Bronze Age, (4th and 3rd Millennium BC) especially evaluating potsherds and flints.
Keywords:

Amasya,

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