Nalan KARABIYIK, Müjgan SIDAL, Maide CİMŞİT, Fatma OĞUZ, EMİN ÜNÜVAR

7-12 yaş arası çocuklarda akciğer kapasiteleri

Amaç: Sağlıklı Türk çocuklarında akciğer kapasitelerini araştırmak. Yöntem: 7-12 yaş arası akut kardiyopulmoner veya kronik herhangi bir hastalığı olmayan, ailede astım ya da tüberküloz öyküsü bulunmayan ve l yıldan fazla süredir spor yapmayan çocuklar arasından rast gele seçilen 63 kız, 59 erkek toplam 122 sağlıklı çocuğun FVC, ,FEV1, FEV1/ FVC, PEF, FEF% 25-75, Vmax25, Vmax50, Vmax75 ve VC değerleri elektronik spirometre kullanılarak ölçüldü. Bulgular: Çalışmada kız ve erkek çocukların yaş, boy, ağırlık ve akciğer kapasiteleri arasında fark olmadığı, her iki cinste FEV1/FVC dışında akciğer kapasitelerinin en fazla boy olmak üzere yaş ve ağırlıkla ilişkili olduğu saptandı. Boy gruplarına göre artışlara bakıldığında kızlarda FEF%75.75 dışında tüm değerlerin en fazla >140 cm grubunda, erkek çocuklarda ise FVC, FEV1 ve VC' in >140 cm grubunda, diğer kapasitelerin 131-140 cm grubunda arttığı saptandı. Yaş gruplarına göre ise kız çocuklarda en fazla artışın FEV1/FVC dışında akciğer kapasitelerinin tartı ile ilişkili olduğu, en fazla artışın 31-40 kg grubunda olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: FEV 1/ FVC dışındaki akciğer kapasiteleri en fazla boy ve yaş olmak üzere boy, yaş ve ağırlıkla ilişkili bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akciğer hacim ölçümleri, Çocuk, Spirometri, Solunum fonksiyon testleri, Yaş faktörü, Cinsiyet faktörleri

Pulmonary capacities in children aged 7-12 years

Aim: To investigate 'the pulmonary capacities of Turkish children. Methods: In this study FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, FEF25-75 %' vma.as: Vmax50< Vmax75 and VC were measured with electronic spirometer in 122 children 63 males, 59 females between the ages of 7-12 years who had no acute cardiorespiratory problem or chronic disease and family history of tuberculosis or asthma and who were not engaged in any kind of sports activities since a year. Results: In the study, age, height, and pulmonary function tests were analogous in both sexes and all respiratory function capacities except FEV1/FVC correlated mostly height as well as age and weight. When increases according to height were evaluated, all capacities except FEF25-75 % and Vmax75 increased most in >140 cm group in females; FVC, FEV1 and VC increased most in > 140 cm group at, other capacites increased in 131-140 cm group in males. According to age groups, except FEV1 pulmonary capacities showed an increase at 11 years of age mostly in females, and at 10 years mostly in males. Also, all lung capacities except FEV1/FVC correlated with weight and increased most at 31-40 kg group. Conclusion: Lung capacities except FEV1/FVC were found to be in correlation with height, age, and weight but mostly with height and age.

Keywords:

Lung Volume Measurements, Child, Spirometry, Respiratory Function Tests, Age Factors, Sex Factors,

___

1. Polgar G, Promadhat V. Pulmonary function testing in children: Tecniques and Standarts, Isted. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1971.
2. Du Bois C, Crawford JD, Terry ME, Rourke M. Simplification of drug dosage calculation by application of the surface area principle. Pediatrics 1950; 5:783-9.
3. Dickman LM, Schmidt CD, Gardner RM. Spirometric standarts for normal children and adolescents (Ages 5 years through 18 years). Am Rev Resp Dis 1971; 104: 680-7.
4. Nairn JR, Bennet AJ, Andrew JD, Me Arthur. A study of respiratory function in normal school children. Arch Dis Child 1960; 13: 253-8.
5. Polgar G, Weng TR. The functional development of the respiratory system. Am Rev Resp Dis 1979; 120: 625-68.
6. Mahajan KK, Mahajan A. Ventilatory lung function tests in school children of 6-13 years. Indian 3 Chest Dis Allied Sci 1997; 39:97-105.
7. Aundhakar CD, Kasliwal GJ, Yajurvedi VS, Rawat MS, Ganeriwal SK, Sangam RN. Pulmonary function tests in school children. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1985; 29: 14-20.
8. Manzke H, Stadlober E, Schellauf HP. Combined body plethysmographic, spirometric and flow volume reference values for male and female children aged 6 to 16 years obtained from "hospital normals". Eur J Pediatr 2001; 160: 300-6.
9. Knudson RJ, Lebowitz MD, Holberg CJ, Burrows B. Changes in the normal maksimal exspiratory flow-volume curve with growth and aging. Am Rev Resp Dis 1983; 127: 725-34.
10. Cook CD, Hamann FJ. Relation of lung volumes to height in healthy persons between the ages of 5-38 years. J Pediatr 1961; 59: 710-4.
11. Murray JH, Cook CD. Measurement of peak expiratory flow rates in 220 normal children from 4.5 to 18.5 age. J Pediatr 1963; 62:186-9.
12. Rosental M, Bain SH, Cramer D, et al. Lung function in white children aged 4 to 19 years: I-Spirometry. Thorax 1993; 48: 794-802.
13. Chowgule RV, Shetye VM, Parmar JR. Lung function tests in normal Indian children. Indian Pediatr 1995; 32: 185-91.
14. Gupta CK, Mishra G, Mehta SC, Prasad J. On the contribution of height to predict lung volumes, capacities and diffusion in healthy school children of 10-17 years. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 1993; 35: 167-77.
15. Sharma PP, Gupta P, Deshpande R, Gupta P. Lung function values in healthy children (10-15 years). Indian J Pediatr 1997; 64: 85-91.
16. Vijayan VK, Reetha AM, Kuppurao KV, Venkatesan P, Thilakavathy S. Pulmonary function in normal South Indian children aged 7 to 19 years. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 200; 42: 147-56.
17. Shamssain MH. Forced expiratory indices in normal black Southern African children aged 6-19 years. Thorax 1991; 46: 175-9.
18. Becklake RM. Concepts of normality applied to the measurement of lung function. Am J Med 1986; 80: 1158-64.
19. Binder ER, Mitchell CA, Schoenberg JB. Lung function among black and white children. Am Rev Resp Dis 1976; 114: 955-9.
20. DeMuth RG, Howatt FW, Hill MB. Lung volumes. Pediatrics 1965 supp I 162-176.
21. Mueller GA, Elgen H. Pulmonary function testing in pediatric practice. Pediatr Rev 1994; 15: 403-11.
22. Öneş Ü, Somer A, Sapan N, et al. Peak expiratory flow rates in healthy Turkish children living in Istanbul. 2th International Congress on Pediatric Pulmonology 1996, abstrack book, 366.