ZİHİNSEL YETERSİZLİĞİ OLAN ADÖLESAN DÖNEMDEKİ ÇOCUKLARDA CİNSEL GELİŞİM EĞİTİMİNİN ÖNEMİ

Çocuk olsun ya da olmasın zihinsel yetersizliği olan bireyler için cinsel gelişim zor bir konudur. Zihinsel yetersizliği olan ergenlik dönemindeki çocuklar cinsel gelişimiyle değişen hormonal yapı nedeniyle hijyen ve davranış kontrolü gibi konularda yardıma ihtiyaç duyabilmektedir. Zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocuklar sergiledikleri davranışların normal olduğunu düşünmekte ve başkalarının yaklaşımlarını anlamlandırmak ve yorumlamakta yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Bu çocuklar cinsel gelişim hakkında, bilgi ve deneyimlerini ve cinsel davranışlarını kontrol etme konusunda yaşadıkları zorlukları ailesi, çevresi ve akranları ile paylaşamamaktadır. Hem çocuk hem de aile, çocuğun cinsel gelişimi ile ilgili sergiledikleri davranışlar ve yaşadıkları sorunlar ile baş etmede güçlük çekebilmektedir. Zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocukların ihmal ve istimara daha açık olduğu da düşünüldüğünde bu çocukların cinsel gelişimi üzerine yapılacak çalışmalar daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Bu makale, zihinsel yetersizliği olan adölesan dönemdeki çocuklarda cinsel gelişime ilişkin hem aile hem de çocuğa sağlanacak eğitimlerin önemini vurgulanmak amacıyla yazıldı.

The Importance of Sexual Development Education in Adolescent Children with Intellectual Disabilities

Sexual development is a difficult issue for individuals with intellectual disabilities, whether children or not. Children with adolescent disability may need help with hygiene and behavioral control due to the hormonal structure that changes with sexual development. Children with intellectual disabilities think that the behaviors they display are normal and insufficient to interpret and interpret others' approaches. These children cannot share their difficulties about sexual development, their knowledge and experiences and controlling their sexual behavior with their family, environment and peers. Both the child and the family may have difficulties in coping with the behaviors and problems they exhibit regarding the sexual development of the child. Considering that children with mental disabilities are more vulnerable to neglect and exploitation, studies on the sexual development of these children gain more importance. This article was written to highlight the importance of both family and child education on sexual development in adolescent children with mental disabilities.

___

  • Tekinarslan, İ.Ç, Eratay, E, Investigation of parental behaviour during the period of compliance with adolescents with mental deficiency, E-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 2013, 8(3), 363–74.
  • Haruna, H, Hu, X, Wah Chu, S.K, Adolescent school-based sexual health education and training: A literature review on teaching and learning strategies, Global Journal of Health Science, 2018, 10(3), 172-183.
  • Ramage, K, Sexual health education for adolescents with ıntellectual disabilities: A literature review, The Saskatchewan Prevention Institute, 2015, (September):1–36.
  • Meşe, İ, Disabled motherhood : Mothers of children with intellectual disability, International Periodical For the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 2013, 8(12), 841–58.
  • Clatos, K, Asare, M. Sexuality education ıntervention for parents of children with disabilities: A pilot training program, American Journal of Health Studies, 2016, 31(3), 151–62.
  • Schaafsma, D, Kok, G, Stoffelen, J.M.T, Curfs, L.M.G, People with intellectual disabilities talk about sexuality:Implications for the development of sex education, sexuality and disability, 2017, 35(1), 21–38.
  • Boyacıoğlu, N.E, Karaçam, Z.D, Keser, Özcan N, Sexuality despite obstacles: Sexual behavior of individuals with mental disability, Sağlık Bilim ve Meslekleri Dergisi, 2018, 5(2), 275–80.
  • Gönener, H.D, Abuse - neglect in mentally handicapped children and nursing approach, Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2010, 27, 137–43.
  • Phasha, N, Sexual abuse of teenagers with intelletual disability: An examination of South African literature, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences , 2013, 69, 1693–1699.
  • Wissink, I.B, Vugt, E, Moonen, X, Stams, G-J.J.M, Hendriks, J. Sexual abuse involving children with an intellectual disability (ID): A narrative review, Research in Develeopmental Disabilities, 2015, 36, 20–35.
  • Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J, Alink, L.R.A, van IJzendoorn, M.H, Euser, S, Tharner, A, The prevalence of child sexual abuse in out-of-home care: Increased risk for children with a mild intellectual disability, Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2016, 29(1), 83–92.
  • Wissink, I.B, van Vugt, E.S, Smits, I.A.M, Moonen, X.M.H, Stams, G.J.J.M, Reports of sexual abuse of children in state care: A comparison between children with and without intellectual disability, Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 2018, 43(2), 152–63.
  • Metin, A, Bilgin, N.G, Yıldırım, V. Physical abuse related death of a disabled child in nursery, Adli Tıp Bülteni, 2014, 19(3), 193–7.
  • Gürol, A, Polat, S, Oran, T, Views of mothers having children with intellectual disability regarding sexual education: A qualitative study, Sexuality and Disability, 2014, 32(2), 123–133.
  • Kök, G, Akyüz, A, Evaluation of effectiveness of parent health education about the sexual developments of adolescents with intellectual disabilities, Sexuality and Disability, 2015, 32(2), 157–74.
  • Yıldız, G, Cavkaytar, A, Effectiveness of a sexual education program for mothers of young adults with intellectual disabilities on mothers’ attitudes toward sexual education and the perception of social support, Sexuality and Disability, 2017, 35(1), 3–19.
  • Kenny, M.C, Crocco, C, Long, H, Parents’ Plans to communicate about sexuality and child sexual abuse with their children with autism spectrum disorder, Sexuality and Disability, 2020, (Ahead of print). Nair, S, Indiramma, V, Girimaji, S.C, Pillai, R.R, Sexuality in adolescents with intellectual disability: Felt needs of parents, Indian Journal of Psychiatric Social Work, 2017, 8(2), 28–38.
  • Isler, A, Beytut, D, Tas, F, Conk, Z. A study on sexuality with the parents of adolescents with intellectual disability, Sexuality and Disability, 2009, 27(4), 229–37.
  • Çelik, Ö, The opinions of intellectual disabled childrens’ mothers about the sexuality of their children, Turkish Studies, 2017, 12(18), 211–234.
  • Kürtüncü, M, Kurt, A. Sexual Education and development in children with ıntellectual disability: Mothers’ opinions, Sexuality and Disability, 2020 (Ahead of print).
  • Atbaşı, Z. Determining how informed the mothers with mentally retarded children about preventing sexual abuse, The Journal of International Education Science, 2016, 3(8), 32–43.
  • Ariadni, D.K, Prabandari, Y.S, Dw, S, Parents’ perception having children with intellectual disability providing sex education, Indonesian Nursing Journal of Education and Clinic, 2017, 2(2), 164–169.
  • Peter, C.R, Tasker, T.B, Horn, S.S, Parents’ attitudes toward comprehensive and inclusive sexuality education: Beliefs about sexual health topics and forms of curricula, Health Education, 2015, 115(1), 71–92.
  • Güven, Ş.T, İşler, A, Sex education and its importance in children with intellectual disabilities, Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 2015, 6(3), 143–148.
  • Isler, A, Tas, F, Beytut, D, Conk, Z. Sexuality in adolescents with intellectual disabilities, Sexuality and Disability, 2009, 27(1), 27–34.
  • Rowe, B, Wright, C. Sexual knowledge in adolescents with intellectual disabilities : A timely reflection, Journal of Social Inclusion, 2017, 8(2), 42–53.
  • Küçük, S, Platin, N, Erdem, E. Increasing awareness of protection from sexual abuse in children with mild intellectual disabilities: An education study, Applied Nursing Research, 2017, 38, 153–158.
  • Abedini, E, Tabibi, Z, Ziaee, P, Kheibari, S.Z, A qualitative study on mothers’ experiences from sex education to female adolescents underlining cultural factors, Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 2016, 18(4), 202–111.
  • Povilaitiene, N, Radzeviciene, L. Parents’ and teachers' attitude to family planning of adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities in the context of conceptions of gender and sexuality, Social Welfare: Interdisciplinary Approach, 2013, 3(2), 8–18.
  • Iacolinoa, C, Pellerone, M, Pacea, U, Ramacia, T, Castorina, V. Family functioning and disability: a study on Italian parents with disabled children, The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 2016, 39–52.
  • Yılmaz, F.E, Engellilerde Cinsel Geişim ve Cinsel Eğitim Programları- Ailelere ve Öğretmenlere Yönelik, Ankara, Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2015.
  • Block J.H, Burns R.B, Mastery learning, Review of Research in Education, 1976, 4, 3–49.
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 2147-9607
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2014
  • Yayıncı: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü