Ayşe ÇOBAN, Orhan ÇOBAN, Duygu BAYSAL KURT

Veri Zarflama Analizi Yardımıyla Türk Otomotiv Endüstrisinde Teknik ve Ölçek Etkinliği

Bu araştırmada 2011-2015 dönemi dikkate alınarak, otomotiv ana sanayinde faaliyet gösteren 14 firmanın teknik ve ölçek etkinliklerinin yanı sıra toplam faktör verimliliklerindeki değişmeler analiz edilmiştir. Firmaların göreli etkinliklerinin belirlenmesinde Veri Zarflama Analizinden, toplam faktör verimliliğinin zaman içindeki değişiminin ortaya konulmasında Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, ölçeğe göre sabit getiri varsayımı altında 2011 ve 2013 yıllarında sadece Oyak Renault’un 2012, 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında ise sadece Hyundai Assan ve Oyak Renault’un maksimum çıktıya ulaştıkları tespit edilmiştir. Değişken getiri varsayımı altında ise 2011, 2012, 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Hyundai Assan, Otokar, Oyak Renault ve Türk Traktör’ün, 2013 yılında ise A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Otokar, Oyak Renault ve Türk Traktör’ün tam üretim sınırı üzerinde yer aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Ölçek etkinlikleri incelendiğinde ise, 2011 ve 2013 yıllarında Oyak Renault’un, 2012, 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında ise Hyundai Assan ve Oyak Renault’un optimal üretim ölçeğinde üretim yaptıkları, diğer firmaların ise ölçek etkinliklerinin 1’den küçük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan Türk otomotiv sanayinin toplam faktör verimliliğinin % 14 arttığı, firma bazında en fazla artışın A.I.O.S. firmasında gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir.

Technical and Scale Efficiency of the Turkish Automotive Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis

In this study, regarding to the period of 2011-2015, the technical and scale efficiencies of 14 firms as well as the changes of their total factor productivities were analyzed. In identifying the relative efficiencies of the firms, Data Enveloping Analysis were utilized, and in introducing the variation of total factor productivity in time Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index. According to the results of analysis, under the assumption of constant return, in the years of 2011 and 2013, it was identified that only Oyak Renault reached maximum output and in the years of 2012, 2014, and 2015, Hyundai Assan and Oyak Renault. Under the assumption of variable return, it was identified that in the years of 2011, 2012, 2014 and, 2015, A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Hyundai Assan, Otokar, Oyak Renault and Türk Traktör took place on the frontier of full production and in 2013, A.I.O.S., Hattat Tarım, Otokar, Oyak Renault and Türk Traktör. When scale efficiencies are examined, it was identified that in the years of 2011 and 2013, Oyak Renault made production in optimal production scale and in the years of 2012, 2014, and 2015, Hyundai Assan and Oyak Renault, while the scale efficiencies of the other firms were less than from the other aspect, it was identified that total factor productivity of Turkish automotive industry increased by 14% and that maximum increase on the basis of firm actualized in the firm A.I.O.S.

Keywords:

DEA, Automotive Industry, Turkey,

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