Kalsitik ve dolomitik kireçtaşlarının çimentolu macun dolgunun çevresel davranışına etkisi

Bu çalışmada, çimentolu macun dolgu (ÇMD) karışımında sülfürlü maden atığı (S-MA) yerine ikame (ağırlıkça %10) olarak doğal alkali malzemelerin (kalsitik kireçtaşı: KK ve dolomitik kireçtaşı: DK) kullanılmasının ÇMD’nin uzun dönem çevresel davranışına etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, ÇMD numuneleri 360 güne kadar dinamik tank liçi testlerine tabi tutulmuş ve elde edilen sızıntı suları üzerinde pH, sülfat (SO42-) ve ağır metal (Cu-As-Pb-Cd-Co-Ni-Cr) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, mineraloji ve mikroyapı özelliklerinin ÇMD’nin çevresel davranışına etkisi X-ışınları difraktometre ve porozite testleri ile incelenmiştir. Bulgular, KK ve DK kullanımı ile sızıntı suyu pH’ının alkali seviyelerde seyrettiğini ve SO42- salınımının önemli ölçüde azaltıldığını göstermiştir. Dahası, KK ve DK ikameli ÇMD numunelerindeki daha yoğun mikroyapı ÇMD'den ağır metallerin (Cu, Mo ve Pb hariç) salınımının engellenmesine veya büyük ölçüde azaltılmasına katkı sağlamıştır. Sonuçlar, ÇMD’nin maliyet ve mekanik özelliklerinin yanısıra yeraltı suyu kirliliği üzerindeki etkisinin de dikkatle değerlendirilmesinin gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Doğal alkali malzeme, Çevresel davranış, Dinamik tank liçi, Ağır metal

Effect of calcitic and dolomitic limestones on environmental behavior of cemented paste backfill

In this study, effects of the utilization of natural alkaline materials (calcitic limestone; CL and dolomitic limestone; DL) as replacement (10 wt.%) to sulphide mine tailings (S-MT) in cemented paste backfill (CPB) mixture on the long-term environmental behaviour of CPB were investigated. For this purpose, CPB samples (CPBs) were subjected to dynamic tank leaching (DTL) tests over 360-days and the analyses of pH, sulphate (SO42-) and heavy metals (HMs) (Cu-As-Pb-Cd-Co-Ni-Cr) on the leachates were carried out. The effects of mineralogy and microstructure on the environmental behavior of CPBs were also examined by X-ray diffractometry and porosity tests. The findings showed that with the utilization of CL and DL, the pH of leachates remained at alkaline levels and the release of SO42- was significantly reduced. Furthermore, the denser microstructure in CPBs of CL and DL contributed to be prevented or be remarkably reduced the HMs-releases (except Cu, Mo and Pb). The results reveal that the cost and mechanical properties of CPB as well as its impact on the groundwater pollution should be carefully evaluated.

Keywords:

Natural alkaline materials, Environmental behaviour, Dynamic tank leaching, Heavy metal,

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