ALTIN CEVHERLERİNİN KARAKTERİZASYONUNDA KULLANILAN MİKRO ANALİTİK YÖNTEMLER

Öz Mikro analitik teknikler, cevher karakterizasyon çalışmalarında yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır.

___

  • Adams, M., 2016. Gold Ore Processing: Project Development and Operations. 2 nd Ed. Elsevier.
  • Adams, M.D., Burger, A.M., 1998a. Characterization of Carbonaceous Preg- robbers and Abraded Carbon in Gold Residues. In: CIM Montréal’98. Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, Montreal, pp 8.
  • Adams, M.D., Burger, A.M., 1998b. Characterization and Blinding of Carbonaceous Preg- robbers in Gold Ores. Miner. Eng. 11 (10), 919-927.
  • Adams, M.D., Swaney, S.J., Friedl, J., Wagner, F.E., 1996. Preg-robbing Minerals in Gold Ore and Residues. In: Hidden Wealth. SAIMM, Johannesburg, 163-172.
  • Agangi, A., Przybyłowicz, W., Hofmann, A., 2015. Trace Element Mapping of Pyrite from Archean Gold Deposits – A Comparison between PIXE and EPMA. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 348, 302–306.
  • Andersen, J.C.Ø., Rollinson, G.K., Snook, B., Herrington, R.,Fairhurst, R.J., 2009. Use of QEMSCAN for the Characterization of Ni- rich and Ni-poor Goethite in Laterite Ores. Minerals Engineering, 22, 1119-1129.
  • Andrews, L., 2007. The Use of Electron Microbeam Techniques in Metallurgical Analysis, SAIMM, 107, 79-82.
  • Ashley, P.M., Creagh, C.,J., Ryan, C., 2000. Invisible Gold in Ore and Mineral Concentrates from the Hillgrove Gold-Antimony Deposits, NSW, Australia. Mineralium Deposita. 35, 285-301.
  • Boyle, R.W., 1979. The Geochemistry of Gold and Its Deposits.Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 280.
  • Cabri, L.J., 1987. The Mineralogy of Precious Metals: New Development sand Metallurgical Implication, Canadian Mineralogist, 25, 1-7.
  • Cabri, L.J., Campbell, J.L., 1998. The Proton Microprobe in Ore Mineralogy (Micro-PIXE Technique), In Modern Approaches to Ore and Environmental Mineralogy, Eds. L.J. Cabri, And D.J. Vaughan, Mineral. Assoc. Can., Short Course, 27, 181-198.
  • Cabri, L.J., Chryssoulis, S.L., Campbell, J.L., Teesdale, W.J., 1991. Comparison of in-situ Gold Analyses in Arsenian Pyrite. Applied Geochemistry, 6, 225-230.
  • Cabri, L.J., Chryssoulis, S.L., De Villiers, J.P.R., Gilles Laflamme, J.H., Buseck, P.R. 1989. The Nature of “Invisible” Gold in Arsenopyrite, Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 353-362.
  • Cabri, L.J., Jackson, S.E., 2011. New Developments in Characerization of Sulphide Refractory Gold Ores. In Proceedings of World Gold 2011, Organized By Metsoc, 51- 62.
  • Cabri, L.J., Mcmahon, G., 1995. SIMS Analysis of Sulfide Minerals for Pt and Au: Methodology and Relative Sensitivity Factors (RSF). The Canadian Mineralogist, 33, 349- 359.
  • Cabri, L.J., Newville, M., Gordon, R.A., Crozier, E.D., Sutton, S.R., Mcmahon, G., Jiang, D-T., 2000. Chemical Speciation of Gold in Arsenopyrite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 1265-1281.
  • Can, N.M., Çelik, İ.B., 2009. Proses Mineralojisi: Cevher Hazırlamadaki Önemi, Ölçüm Yöntem ve Araçları-Bölüm 1, Madencilik Dergisi, 48, 43-53.
  • Celep, O., 2011. Refakter Cevherlerden Siyanür Liçiyle Altın ve Gümüş Kazanımında Alkali Ön İşlemlerin Uygulanması, Doktora Tezi, KTU Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon, S.167.
  • Celep, O., 2015. Altın Cevherlerinin Zenginleştirilmesi (Processing of Gold Ores), Türkiye Alim Kitapları, IstEin Imprint Der, Deutschland/Almanya, ISBN 13 9783639672138, P.221.
  • Celep, O., Alp İ., Deveci, H., 2011. Improved Gold and Silver Extraction from a Refractory Antimony Ore by Pre-treatment with Alkaline Sulphide Leach, Hydrometallurgy, 105, 3-4, 234-239.
  • Celep, O., Alp, İ., Deveci, H., Vıcıl, M., 2008. The Effect of Mineralogical Structure on the Cyanidation of Gold Ores, Geosound, 52, 43-53.
  • Celep, O., Alp, İ., Deveci, H., Vıcıl, M., 2009. Characterization of Refractory Behaviour of a Complex Gold/Silver Ore by Diagnostic Leaching, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 19, 707-713.
  • Celep, O., Alp, İ., Paktunç, D., Thibault, Y., 2011. Implementation of Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment for Refractory Antimonial Gold and Silver Ores, Hydrometallurgy, 108, (1-2), 109-114.
  • Celep, O., Serbest, V., 2015. Characterization of an Iron Oxy/Hydroxide (Gossan Type) Bearing Refractory Gold and Silver Ore by Diagnostic Leaching. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 25 (4), 1286-1297.
  • Chen, T.T., Cabri, L.J., Dutrizac, J.E., 2002. Characterizing Gold in Refractory Sulfide Gold Ores and Residues, JOM, 54, 12, 20- 22.
  • Chryssoulis, S., Dunne, R., Coetzee, A., 2004. Diagnostic Microbeam Technology In Gold Ore Processing, JOM, 56, 7, 53-57.
  • Chryssoulis, S.L., 1997. Gold “Preg- robbing” by Pyrite: Natural and Process Induced. In: Austin, J. (Ed.), Proceedings of 29th CMP, Ottawa. CIM, Montreal, 1-12.
  • Chryssoulis, S.L., Cabri, L.J., 1990. Significance of Gold Mineralogical Balances in Mineral Processing. Trans. Instn. Min. Metall, Sec. C: Mineral Process. Extr. Metall., 99, C1-C10.
  • Chryssoulis, S.L., Cabri, L.J., Salter, R.S., 1987. Direct Determination of Invisible Gold in Refractory Sulfide Ores. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Gold Metallurgy, New York: Pergamon Press. 235-244.
  • Chryssoulis, S.L., Grammatikopoulos, T.A., 2003. Forms of Gold. In: Eliopoulos D.G. et al., Mineral exploration and sustainable development, Millpress, 961-964.
  • Chryssoulis, S.L., Mcmullen, J., 2016. Mineralogical Investigation of Gold Ores, Chapter 5, In Gold Ore Processing-Project Development and Operations, Ed. Mike Adams, Elsevier, 57-93.
  • Coetzee, L.L., Theron, S.J., Martin, G.J., Van Der Merwe, J.D., Stanek, T.A., 2011. Modern Gold Deportments and Its Application to Industry Minerals Engineering, 24, 565–575.
  • Cook, N.J., Chryssoulis, S.L., 1990. Concentrations of ‘Invisible’ Gold in Common Sulfides. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28 (1), 1-16.
  • Cousens, D.R., Rasch, R., Ryan, C.G., 1997. Detection Limits and Accuracy of the Electron and Proton Microprobe. Micron, 28, 231-239.
  • Fandrich, R., Gu, Y., Burrows, D., Moeller, K., 2007. Modern SEM-Based Mineral Liberation Analysis. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 84, 310-320.
  • Fleming, C.A., 1992. Hydrometallurgy of Precious Metals Recovery. Hydrometallurgy, 30, 1-3, 127-162.
  • Foya, S.N., Reimold, W.U., Przybylowicz, W.J., Gibson, R.L., 1999. PIXE Microanalysis of Gold-Pyrite Associations from the Kimberley Reefs, Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa, Nuclear Instruments and Methods In Physics Research B, 158, 588-592
  • Gasparrini, C., 1983. The Mineralogy of Gold and Its Significance in Metal Extraction. Canadian Mining & Metallurgical Bulletin, 76, 144-153.
  • Genkin, A.D., Bortnikov, N.S., Cabri, L.J., Wagner, F.E., Stanley, C.J., Safonov, Y.G., Mcmahon, G., Friedl, J., Kerzin, A.L., Gamyanin, G.N., 1998. A Multidisciplinary Study of Invisible Gold In Arsenopyrite From Four Mesothermal Gold Deposits In Siberia, Russian Federation, Economic Geology, 93, 463-487.
  • Goodall, W. R., 2008. Characterisation of Mineralogy and Gold Deportment for Complex Tailings Deposits Using QEMSCAN, Minerals Engineering, 21, 518–523
  • Goodall, W.R, Scales, P.J, Ryan, C.G., 2005a. Applications of PIXE and Diagnostic Leaching In The Characterisation of Complex Gold Ores, Minerals Engineering, 18, 1010- 1019.
  • Goodall, W.R, Scales, P.J., Butcher, A.R., 2005b. The Use of QEMSCAN and Diagnostic Leaching In the Characterisation of Visible Gold in Complex Ores, Minerals Engineering, 18, 877-886.
  • Goodall, W.R., 2005. The Economic Recovery of Gold from Complex Ores, Doktora Tezi, Melboure Üniversitesi, Avustralya, p.288.
  • Goodall, W.R., Butcher, A.R., 2012. The Use of QEMSCAN in Practical Gold Deportment Studies”, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Trans. Inst. Min. Metall. C), 121, 199-204.
  • Goodall, W.R., Scales, P.J., 2007. An Overview of the Advantages and Disadvantages of the Determination of Gold Mineralogy by Automated Mineralogy, Minerals Engineering, 20 (5), 506-517.
  • Halden, N.M., Campbell, J.L., Teesdale, W.J., 1995. PIXE Analysis in Mineralogy and Geochemistry. The Canadian Mineralogist, 33, 293-302.
  • Harris, D.C., 1990. The Mineralogy of Gold and Its Relevance to Gold Recoveries, Mineral Deposita, 25, 3-7.
  • Hausen, D.M., 2000, Characterizing the Textural Features of Gold Ores for Optimizing Gold Extraction, JOM, April, 14-16.
  • Haycock, 1937.The Role of the Microscope in the Studyof Gold Ores, Transactions, Volume XL, 1937, 405-414.
  • Healy, R.E., Petruk, W., 1990. Petrology of Au-Ag-Hg Alloy and Invisible Gold in the Trout Lake Massive Sulfide Deposit, FlinFlon, Manitoba. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 189-206.
  • Henley, K., 1992. A review of Recent Developments in the Process Mineralogy of Gold.Extractive Metallurgy of Gold and Base Metals.Kalgoorlie, AusIMM.
  • Hervig, R.L., Mazdab, F.K., Danielson, L., Sharp, T.G., Hamed, A., Willams, P., 2004. SIMS Microanalysis for Au in Silicates. American Mineralogist, 89, 498-504.
  • Jones, K.W., Berry, W.J., Borsay, D.J., Cline, H.T., Conner, W.C., Fullmer, C.S., 1997. Applications of Synchrotron Radiation- Induced X-Ray Emission (SRIXE), X-Ray Spectrometry, 26 (6), 350-358.
  • Jones, M.P., J. Gavrilovic. 1968. Automatic Searching Unit for the Quantitative location of Rare Phases by Electron Microprobe X-Ray Microanalysis. Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, 77, B137–B143.
  • Komnitsas, C., Pooley, F.D., 1989. Mineralogical Characteristics and Treatment of Refractory Gold Ores, Minerals Engineering, 2 (4), 449-457.
  • Kossowsky, R. 1983. Designing an Analytical Microscopy Laboratory. Journal of Metals, 35 (3), 47-54.
  • La Brooy, S.R., Linge, H.G., Walker, G.S., 1994. Review of Gold Extraction from Ores, Mineral Engineering, 7 (10), 1213-1241.
  • Lane, G.R., Martin, C., Pirar, E., 2008. Techniques and Applications for Predictive Metallurgy and Ore Characterization Using Optical Image Analysis. Minerals Engineering, 21, 568-577.
  • Lastra, R., 2007. Seven Practical Application Cases of Liberation Analysis. Int. J. Miner. Process., 84, 337-347.
  • Latti, D., Doyle, J., Adair, B.J.I., 2001. A QEM*SEM Study of A Suite of Pressure Leach Products from A Gold Circuit, Minerals Engineering, 14 (12), 1671-1678.
  • Macrae, N.D., 1995. Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy and Geology. The Canadian Mineralogist, 33, 219-236.
  • Marsden, J.O., House, C.L., 2006. The Chemistry of Gold Extraction.Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration.
  • Mcmahon, G., Cabri, L.J., 1998. The SIMS Technique in Ore Mineralogy. In: Modern Approaches to Ore and Environmental Mineralogy, Eds. L.J. Cabri, D.J. Vaughan, Mineral. Assoc. of Canada, Short Course, 27, 199-224.
  • Mermillod-Blondin, R., Bouzahzah, H., Benzazoua, M., Marion, P., Valle, N., Mathieu, S., Cousin, P., 2011. Process Mineralogy of the Refractory Gold Part of the Lapa Ore Deposit, In Proceedings of World Gold 2011, Metsoc of CIM, 73-85.
  • Nazari, A.M., Ghahreman, A., Bell, S., 2017. A Comparative Study of Gold Refractoriness by the Application of QEMSCAN and Diagnostic Leach Process, International Journal of Mineral Processing 169, 35–46.
  • Newbury, D.E., 1986. Advanced Scanning Electron Microscopy And X-Ray Microanalysis. Plenum Press, New York.
  • Paktunç, D., 1996, Yerbilimlerinde Mikroanalitik Yöntemler, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Dergisi, 46, 41-49.
  • Paktunç, D., Kingston, D., Pratt, A., 2006. Distribution of Gold in Pyrite and In Products of Its Transformation Resulting from Roasting of Refractory Gold Ore. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44, 213-227.
  • Petruk, W., 2000. Applied Mineralogy in the Mining Industry, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 268 S.
  • Prasad, M.S., Mensah-Biney, R., Pizarro, R.S., 1991. Modern Trends in Gold Processing - Overview. Minerals Engineering, 4 (12), 1257-1277.
  • Pratt, A., Duke, N., 2003. Characterizing The Distribution of Gold In Pyritic Sulfide Ore, JOM, 55 (4), 51-54.
  • Pyke, B.L., Johnston, R.F., Brooks, P., 1999. Characterisation and behaviour of carbonaceous material in a refractory gold bearing ore, Minerals Engineering, 12 (8), 851-862.
  • Reed, S.J.B. 2005. Electron Microprobe Analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy In Geology, 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press, New York, Melbourne, 232 S.
  • Reed, S.J.B., 1990. Recent Developments in Geochemical Microanalysis, Chemical Geology, 83 (1-2), 1-9.
  • Spry, P.G., Chryssoulis, S., Ryan, C.G., 2004. Process Mineralogy of Gold: Gold from Telluride-Bearing Ores, JOM, 60-63.
  • Steele, I.M., Cabri, L.J., Gaspar, J.C., Mcmahon, G., Marquez, M.A., Vasconcellos, M.A.Z., 2000. Comparative Analysis of Sulfides for Gold Using SXRF and SIMS. The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 1-10.
  • Sutherland, D., Gottlieb, P., 1991. Application of Automated Quantitative Mineralogy in Mineral Processing.Minerals Engineering, 4 (7-11), 753-762.
  • Tanaka, M., Takeguchi, M., Furuya, K., 2008. X-Ray Analysis and Mapping by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy in an Electron Microscope, Ultramicroscopy, 108, 1427-1431.
  • Vaughan, J.P., 2004. The Process Mineralogy of Gold: The Classification of Ore Types, JOM, 56 (7), 46-48.
  • Venter, D., Chryssoulis, S.L., Mulpeter, T., 2004. Using Mineralogy to Optimize Gold Recovery by Direct Cyanidation, August, JOM, 53-56.
  • Zhou, J., Gu, Y. 2016. Geometallurgical Characterization and Automated Mineralogy of Gold Ores, Chapter 6, In Gold Ore Processing-Project Development and Operations, Edited By Mike Adams, Elsevier, 95-110.
  • Zhou, J., Jago, B., Martin, C., 2004. Establishing the Process Mineralogy of Gold Ores, SGS Mineral, Lakefield Research Limited, 2004-03.
  • Zhou, J.Y., Cabri, L.J., 2004. Gold Process Mineralogy: Objectives, Techniques, and Applications, JOM, 56 (7), 49-52.