Metin TOPRAK, NASUH USLU, Judd Daniel KING

Transformation of Turkish Politics: Socio-Political, Economic and Ethnic Peculiarities

Bu çalışma, 2007 yılı Ekim ayında gerçekleştirilen ve Türkiye'yi temsil niteliğine sahip bir alan araştırmasına dayanmaktadır. 85 yıllık modern Türkiye'nin bugün uğraştığı temel meselelere ışık tutması bakımından Türk toplumunda egemen sosyo-politik kimliklerin tespiti ve temel meselelerde, bu sosyo-politik grupların yaklaşımları ve bu kimliklerin siyasi arenadeki somutlaşmış görünümleri analiz edilmektedir. Araştırma bulguları, Türk toplumunda başlıca sosyo-politik kimliklerin Modernist-Kemalist, Milliyetçi-Muhafazakar ve Solcu-Sosyal Demokrat başlıklarında toplanabileceğini göstermektedir. Mevcut siyasi partilerde, geleneksel olarak sağ ve sol ana-akım partilerinin önemli bir dö- nüşüme uğradığı ve toplumsal teveccühün ciddi şekilde kayma gösterdiği dikkat çekmektedir. Hem geleneksel ve marjinal sağdan, hem modernist ve sosyal demokrat kesimlerden destek alan bir parti gerçeği Türkiye'nin siyasi tarihinde pek de aşina olunmayan bir fenomendir. Etnik yapı ve din olgusu bağlamındaki tespitler, alışageldik kır-kent çerçevesindeki analizleri ters yüz etmektedir. Türk sosyal ve siyasal hayatını resmeden bu araştırma, mevcut örgütlü siyasi mimarinin, sosyal gerçeklikle önemli ölçüde uyum içinde olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Türk Siyasetinin Dönüşümü: Sosyo-Politik, Ekonomik ve Etnik Özellikler

This article is based on a fieldwork conducted in the second half of October 2007. The sampling has been designed to represent whole of Turkey. Modern Turkey has reached its 85th anniversary and still deals with problems related to the discussion on ethnic and religious identities in Turkish society. By conducting this survey, we have portrayed general peculiarities of Turkish voters in terms of political, socio-economic, ethnic, and religious identities. We have obtained three main socio-political upper identities and called them Modernist-Kemalist, Conservative-Nationalist and Leftist-Social Democrat. The most common identities in Turkish society are lined up as Modernist-Kemalist, Conservative-Nationalist and Leftist-Social Democrat. It is interesting that the AKP has a high level of acceptance among all groups. This means that this party has moved to the center (center-right) and that the largest part of the Turkish population does not considered it a serious threat to the regime. The main divide within Turkish society, and the source of its conflict, is not so much among the majority of people, but rather between them and a traditional secular elite that continues to use its influence to deny those who do not share its particular vision of westernization access to the public sphere

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