Perception of Homeland among Crimean Tatars:Cases from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Crimea

Kırım Tatarları, başta Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'na doğru olmak üzere çok büyük göçlere neden olan 1783 Rus işgalinden beri anavatan kaybını yaşamaktadırlar. Anavatan kaybı Stalin'in stratejik sürgünleri ile doruk noktasına ulaşmıştır. 1944 yılında, Kırım Tatarları Kırım'dan Orta Asya'ya sürülmüşler ve anavatanlarına dönüş hakkını 1989 yılında elde edebilmişlerdir. O tarihten beri, vatana geri dönüş devam etmektedir. Anavatan mitinin milli duyguyu harekete geçiren etkin bir araç olduğu göz önünde bulundurarak, bu makalede, Kırım Tatarları'nda anavatan algısı çeşitli katmanları ile incelenmektedir. Bu katmanlar, kimliğin temel bir unsuru olarak anavatan; idealize edilmiş nihai bir hedef olarak anavatan, Kırım Tatar toplumunun yaşadığı yer olarak anavatan ve daha iyi bir yaşam için akılcı olarak seçilen bir mekan olarak anavatan şeklinde sıralanabilir. Ayrıca bu makale, bu farklı katmanların her bir Kırım Tatarı'nda farklı derecelerde olmakla birlikte, aynı anda var olabildiğini iddia etmektedir.

Kırım, Özbekistan ve Kazakistan'daki Kırım Tatarları'nda Anavatan Algısı

Crimean Tatars have been experiencing the loss of homeland since the Russian invasion of Crimea in 1783, which caused massive waves of migration especially to the Ottoman Empire. The loss of homeland culminated in Stalin's strategic deportations. Crimean Tatars were deported from Crimea to Central Asia in 1944 and obtained the right to return to their homeland in 1989. Since then, the return process has continued. Considering that the construction of the myth of homeland is an effective instrument to mobilize national sentiment, this article studies the perception of homeland among Crimean Tatars with its different layers - as an essential marker of identity, as an idealized mythical final destination, as a land where the community lives, and finally as a rationally desired place in search for a better life. The article also argues that these layers may coexist in individual cases although their relative significance may vary

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