KOBİ'lerde Bilgi Yönetimi Süreci ve Araçları: Literatür Değerlendirmesi ve Bir Araştırma

Çağdaş işletmeler hayatta kalabilmek ve rekabet avantajlarını sürdürebilmek için bilgilerini etkin bir şekilde yönetmek zorundadırlar. Bilgi yönetimi büyük işletmeler için olduğu gibi KOBİ'ler için de önem taşımaktadır. Stratejik yönetim sürecini destekleyici bir fonksiyona sahip olan bilgi yönetimi süreci örgütteki bilgi eksikliğinin belirlenmesi, bilgi geliştirme ve satın alma, bilgi paylaşımı ve bilginin değerlendirilmesi aşamalarını içermektedir. Her bir aşamada çeşitli araçlar kullanılmaktadır. Bilgi yönetimi araçlarının yaygın ve etkin kullanımı, sürecin etkin bir biçimde yürütülmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın uygulama kısmı KOBİ'lerde bilgi yönetimi araçlarının kullanım yaygınlığı üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Araştırma Gebze ve çevresindeki 218 KOBİ'den elde edilen verilere dayalı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular KOBİ'lerde bilgi yönetimi araçlarının düşük oranlarda kullanıldıklarını, dolayısıyla bu işletmelerde etkin bir bilgi yönetimi sürecinin yürütülmediğini ortaya koymaktadır. KOBİ'lerin bilgi yönetimi konusundaki zayıflıkları bilgi paylaşımı ve bilgiyi değerlendirme aşamalarında daha da belirginleşmektedir. Türkiye ekonomisi açısından büyük önem arz eden KOBİ'ler, iç düzenlemeler gerçekleştirerek ve dış destek imkanlarından yararlanarak bilgi yönetimi araçlarının daha yaygın ve etkin bir biçimde kullanılmasını sağlamalıdırlar.

Knowledge Management Process and Tools in SMEs: Literature Review and a Survey

Contemporary organizations need to manage their knowledge effectively in order to survive and sustain their competitive advantages. Knowledge management is crucial for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well as large organizations. Knowledge management process, having a function as supporting the strategic management process, involves the phases of determining the knowledge gap, developing and buying knowledge, knowledge sharing and evaluating knowledge. Many tools are used in each phase. Widespread and effective application of knowledge management tools means the effective execution of the process. The survey focuses on the prevalence of the usage of knowledge management tools in SMEs. The research evaluates data obtained from 218 SMEs in or nearby Gebze. Findings indicate that knowledge management tools are not used widespread in SMEs, thus effective knowledge management processes are not executed in these organizations. The weaknesses of SMEs regarding knowledge management is more evident for the phases of knowledge sharing and evaluating knowledge. SMEs, as organiza¬tions having great importance for Turkish economy, need to improve the prevalence and effectiveness of the usage of knowledge management tools by the help of both internal arrangements and external support.

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