MARIIA BLIKHAR, OKSANA DUFENIUK, VIACHESLAV BLIKHAR

The Philosophy of the European Court of Human Rights: Axiological Paradigm

The article presents an overview of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter referred to as the ECHR) from the standpoint of the philosophy of law, in particular axiology. The study aims to provide a systematic review of the axiological paradigm in two contexts, namely, "the ECHR as a value" and "values of the ECHR". The study has led to the following conclusions: First, the ECHR has a geopolitical integrative, protective, hermeneutic, law-making and orientation value in socio-cultural and politicallegal contexts. Secondly, the core of the philosophy of the ECHR is certainly humanistic anthropological values, but the concept of "values of the ECHR" is not limited by these. In the administration of justice, procedural values (the principles of the pre-trial and judicial process, the value of the evidence, the value of substantiation of decisions, etc.), the value of the quality of law, the value of the balance in the conflict of interests (proportionality and expediency of legal restrictions) and the value of context for interpreting legal rules, are realized. These values are the guidelines for the formation of such a legal field, within which the protection of human rights and freedoms is transformed from an abstract category to a real struggle for existing as well as defending interests.

Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi'nin Felsefesi: Aksiyolojik Paradigma

Bu makale, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi'nin (bundan sonra AİHM olarak anılacaktır) hukuk felsefesi, özellikle aksiyoloji açısından uygulamasına genel bir bakış sunmaktadır. Çalışma, aksiyolojik paradigmanın "bir değer olarak AİHM" ve "AİHM'nin değerleri" olmak üzere iki bağlamda sistematik bir şekilde gözden geçirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma aşağıdaki sonuçlara yol açmıştır: Birincisi, AİHM sosyo-kültürel ve politik-yasal bağlamlarda jeopolitik bütünleştirici, koruyucu, hermeneutik, yasa yapma ve oryantasyon değerine sahiptir. İkincisi, AİHM felsefesinin özü kesinlikle hümanist antropolojik değerlerdir, ancak "AİHM değerleri" kavramı bunlarla sınırlı değildir. Adalet yönetiminde, usul değerleri (yargılama öncesi ve yargı sürecinin ilkeleri, kanıtların değeri, kararların doğrulanmasının değeri vb.), hukukun kalitesinin değeri, çıkar çatışmasındaki dengenin değeri (yasal kısıtlamaların orantılılığı ve uygunluğu) ve yasal kuralların yorumlanması için bağlamın değeri gerçekleştirilir. Bu değerler, insan hak ve özgürlüklerinin korunmasının soyut bir kategoriden var olan ve çıkarları savunan gerçek bir mücadeleye dönüştürüldüğü böyle bir yasal alanın oluşturulmasına ilişkin kılavuzlardır.

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