Fatma TAYHAN KARTAL, Memnune KABAKUŞ AYKUT

Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sosyal Fizik Kaygısı ve Depresyonun Yeme Bozukluğu Riski ile İlişkisi

Amaç: Üniversite öğrencileri yeme bozuklukları açısından risk altında olan gruplardan biridir. Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinde sosyal fizik kaygı ve depresyonun yeme bozuklukları ile ilişkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bireyler ve Yöntem: Yaş ortalaması 20.6±1.7 yıl olan 318 öğrenci üzerinde yapılan bu çalışmada yeme davranış bozukluğu riskini saptamak için Yeme Tutum Testi (EAT-26) ve REZZY (SCOFF) Yeme Bozuklukları Ölçeği, depresyon varlığını saptamak için Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), bireylerin fiziksel görünüşlerinin başkaları tarafından değerlendirildiğinde hissettikleri rahatsızlık düzeyini ölçmede ise Sosyal Fizik Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: EAT-26 ve REZZY ölçeklerine göre öğrencilerin sırasıyla %20.1’inin ve %28.6’sının yeme bozukluğu riski altında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yeme davranış bozukluğu riski sosyal fizik kaygı (r=0.345, p=0.000) ve depresyon düzeyi (r=0.247, p=0.000) ile anlamlı olarak ilişkilidir. Yeme davranış bozukluğu riski ve beden kütle indeksi arasında anlamlı, pozitif bir ilişki saptanmıştır (r=0.248, p=0.000). Ayrıca hafif şişman ve obez kız öğrencilerde sosyal fizik kaygı düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p

Relationship between Social Physique Anxiety, Depression and the Risk of Eating Disorders in University Students

Aim: University students are one of the groups who are at risk for eating disorders. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between social physique anxiety and depression with the risk of eating disorders in university students. Subjects and Method: Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and REZZY (SCOFF) Eating Disorders Scale were used to assess the risk of eating behaviour disorder in a total of 318 students with a mean age of 20.6±1.7 years. Beck Depression Scale (BDS) was used to determine the presence of depression, and Social Physique Anxiety Scale was used to measure the level of discomfort that individuals feel when their physical appearance is evaluated by others. Results: According to EAT-26 and REZZY scales, 20.1% and 28.6% of students were at risk of eating disorders, respectively. The risk of eating disorders was significantly associated with social physique anxiety (r=0.345, p=0.000) and depression (r=0.247, p=0.000). There was also a significant positive association between risk of eating disorders and body mass index (r=0.248, p=0. 000. Additionally, social physique anxiety levels were higher in overweight and obese girls (p

PDF

___

1. Bundros J, Clifford D, Silliman K, Neyman Morris M. Prevalence of Orthorexia nervosa among college students based on Bratman’s test and associated tendencies. Appetite. 2016;101(3):86-94.
2. Vaquero-Cristobal R, Alacid F, Muyor JM, Lopez- Minarro PA. Body image; literature review. Nutr Hosp. 2013;28(1):27-35.
3. Parker SC, Lyons J, Bonner J. Eating disorders in graduate students: exploring the SCOFF questionnaire as a simple screening tool. J Am Coll Health. 2005;54(2):103-7.
4. Culbert KM, Racine SE, Klump KL. Research Review: What we have learned about the causes of eating disorders – a synthesis of sociocultural, psychological, and biological research. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015;56(11):1141-64.
5. Anschutz DJ, Engels RC, Van Strien T. Susceptibility for thin ideal media and eating styles. Body Image. 2008;5(1):70-9.
6. Baysal A. Beden Ağırlığı Denetimi. Baysal A, Aksoy M, Besler T, Bozkurt N, Keçecioğlu S, Merdol T, ve ark., Editörler. Diyet El Kitabi. 5. Baskı. Ankara: Hatipoğlu Yayınları; 2008. s.39-66.
7. Kessler RC, Berglund PA, Chiu WT, Deitz AC, Hudson JI, Shahly V, et al. The prevalence and correlates of binge eating disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73(9):904- 14.
8. Hunt J, Eisenberg D. Mental health problems and helpseeking behavior among college students. J Adolesc Health. 2010;46(1):3-10.
9. İkiz F, Otlu Ö. Üniversite yaşamına uyum sürecinde yaşanan sorunlar ve başa çıkma yolları. CBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2015;13(4):36-52.
10. Hamarta E. Ergenlerin sosyal kaygılarının kişiler arası problem çözme ve mükemmeliyetçilik açısından incelenmesi. İlköğretim Online. 2009;8(3):729-40.
11. Sanlier N, Pehlivan M, Sabuncular G, Bakan S, Isguzar Y. Determining the relationship between body mass index, healthy lifestyle behaviors and social appearance anxiety. Ecol Food Nutr. 2018;57(2):124-39.
12. Linardon J, Braithwaite R, Cousins R, Brennan L. Appearance-based rejection sensitivity as a mediator of the relationship between symptoms of social anxiety and disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. Eat Behav. 2017;27:27-32.
13. Doğan T. Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği’nin (SGKÖ) Türkçe uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. H. U. Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2010;39(39):151-9.
14. Storrie K, Ahern K, Tuckett A. A systematic review: students with mental health problems—a growing problem. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010;16(1):1-6.
15. Field AE, Sonneville KR, Micali N, Crosby RD, Swanson SA, Laird NM, et al. Prospective association of common eating disorders and adverse outcomes. Pediatrics. 2012;130(2):289-95.
16. Tavolacci MP, Grigioni S, Richard L, Meyrignac G, Déchelotte P, Ladner J. Eating disorders and associated health risks among university students. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2015;47(5):412-20.
17. Garner DM, Garfinkel PE. The Eating Attitudes Test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychol Med. 1979; 9(2):273-9.
18. Savaşır I, Erol N. Eating Attitude test: anorexia nervosa symptoms index. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 1989;7(23):19-25.
19. Hart EA, Leary MR, Rejeski WJ. The measurement of social physique anxiety. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 1989;(11):94-104.
20. Mülazımoğlu Ballı Ö, Aşçı F. Sosyal fiziksel kaygı envanterinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2006;17(1):11-9.
21. Beck AT, Ward C, Mendelson M. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;(4):561-71.
22. Hisli N. Beck Depresyon Envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği, güvenirliği. Psikoloji Dergisi. 1989;7(23):3-13.
23. Hill LS, Reid F, Morgan JF, Lacey JH. SCOFF, the development of an eating disorder screening questionnaire. Int J Eat Disord. 2010;43(4):344-51.
24. Aydemir Ö, Köksal B, Sapmaz ŞY, Yüceyar H. Kadın üniversite öğrencilerinde REZZY yeme bozuklukları ölçeği Türkçe formunun güvenilirlik ve geçerliliği. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg. 2015;16(1):31-5.
25. Hautala L, Junnila J, Alin J, Grönroos M, Maunula A-M, Karukivi M, et al. Uncovering hidden eating disorders using the SCOFF questionnaire: cross-sectional survey of adolescents and comparison with nurse assessments. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009;46(11):1439-7.
26. Yager Z, O’Dea JA. Prevention programs for body image and eating disorders on university campuses: a review of large, controlled interventions. Health Promot Int. 2008;23(2):173-89.
27. Musaiger AO, Al-Mannai M, Tayyem R. Risk of disordered eating attitudes among adolescents in seven Arab countries by gender and obesity: a cross-cultural study. Appetite. 2013;60(1):162-7.
28. Frankos KC, Frangos CC. Assessing eating disorder risk: the pivotal role of achievement anxiety, depression and female gender in non-clinical samples. Nutrients. 2013;5(3):811-28.
29. Schulte SJ. Predictors of binge eating in male and female youths in the United Arab Emirates. Appetite. 2016;105:312-9.
30. Radmanovic-Burgic M, Gavric Z, Burgic S. Eating attitudes in adolescent girls. Psychiatr Danub. 2011;23(1):64-8.
31. Calzo JP, Sonneville KR, Haines J, Blood EA, Field AE, Austin SB. The development of associations among body mass index, body dissatisfaction, and weight and shape concern in adolescent boys and girls. J Adolesc Health. 2012;51(5):517-23.
32. Lei XY, Xiao LM, Liu YN, Li YM. Prevalence of depression among Chinese university students: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2016;11(4):e0153454.
33. Rotenstein LS, Ramos MA, Torre M, Segal JB, Peluso MJ, Guille C, et al. Prevalence of depression, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2016;316(21):2214-36.
34. Ren X, Chen Y, He L, Jin Y, Tian L, Lu M, et al. Prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in university students from the region of Anhui (China). Nutr Hosp. 2014;31(3):1089-93.
35. Jiang S, Peng S, Yang T, Cottrell R, Li L. Overweight and obesity among chinese college students: an exploration of gender as related to external environmental ınfluences. Am J Mens Health. 2018;12(4):926-34.
36. Cluskey M, Grobe D. College weight gain and behavior transitions: male and female differences. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109(2):325-9.
37. Pliner P, Saunders T. Vulnerability to freshman weight gain as a function of dietary restraint and residence. Physiol Behav. 2008;93(1-2):76-82.
38. Woldeyohannes HO, Soczynska JK, Maruschak NA, Syeda K, Wium-Andersen IK, Lee Y, et al. Binge eating in adults with mood disorders: Results from the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2016;10(5):531-43.
39. Faulconbridge LF, Wadden TA, Thomas JG, Jones- Corneille LR, Sarwer DB, Fabricatore AN. Changes in depression and quality of life in obese individuals with binge eating disorder: bariatric surgery versus lifestyle modification. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013;9(5):790-6.
40. Vardar E, Erzengin M. Ergenlerde yeme bozukluklarının yaygınlığı ve psikiyatrik eş tanıları iki aşamalı toplum merkezli bir çalışma. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2011;22(4):205-12.
41. Duncan AE, Ziobrowski HN, Nicol G. the prevalence of past 12-month and lifetime DSM-IV eating disorders by BMI Category in US Men and Women. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2017;25(3):165-71.
42. Ballı ÖM, Erturan-İlker G, Arslan Y. Achievement goals in Turkish high school PE setting: The predicting role of social physique anxiety. Int J Educ Res. 2014;67:30-9.
43. Hagger MS, Stevenson A. Social physique anxiety and physical self-esteem: gender and age effects. Psychol Health. 2010;25(1):89-100.
44. Titchener K, Wong QJJ. A weighty issue: Explaining the association between body mass index and appearancebased social anxiety. Eat Behav. 2015;16:13-6.
45. Crocker PR, Sabiston CM, Kowalski KC, McDonough MH, Kowalski N. Longitudinal assessment of the relationship between physical self-concept and health-related behavior and emotion in adolescent girls. J Appl Sport Psychol. 2006;18(3):185-200.
46. Morales A, Gomes A, Jimenez B, Jimenez F, Leon G, Majano A, et al. Binge eating disorder: prevalence, associated factors and obesity in university students. Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2015;44(3):177-82.
47. Coker E, Abraham S. Body weight dissatisfaction: a comparison of women with and without eating disorders. Eat Behav. 2014;44(3):453-459.
48. Lanfranchi MC, Maiano C, Morin AJS, Therme P. Social physique anxiety and disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors in adolescents: Moderating effects of sport, sport-related characteristics, and gender. Int J Behav Med. 2015;22(1):149-60.