Çocukluk Çağı Kronik Hastalıklarında Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisi Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasını Etkiler mi?

Sağlıklı bağırsak mikrobiyotası patojenlerden korunma ve immün yanıtların olgunlaşması dahil olmak üzere pek çok açıdan konakçıya fayda sağlamaktadır. Ortaya çıkan kanıtlar, bağırsak mikrobiyotasının alerjik hastalıklar, çölyak, tip 1 diyabet ve obezite gibi erişkinlikte de devam edebilen çocukluk çağı hastalıklarının gelişimi ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Beslenme, bağırsak mikrobiyota çeşitliliğini ve işlevselliğini etkileyen ana çevresel faktör olarak kabul edilmektedir. Diyetin kısa sürede bağırsak mikrobiyotasında önemli değişikliklere yol açabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda çocukluk çağı kronik hastalıklarında tıbbi beslenme tedavisi uygulamalarının da bağırsak mikrobiyota bileşimini etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir. Beslenme tedavileri ve bağırsak mikrobiyotası arasındaki ilişkiyi ve etkileşimleri anlamak, hastalıkların yönetimi için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu derlemede, çocukluk çağındaki bazı kronik hastalıklarda uygulanan tıbbi beslenme tedavilerinin bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir.

Does Medical Nutrition Therapy Affect Gut Microbiota in Childhood Chronic Diseases?

A healthy gut microbiota benefits the host in many respects, including protection from pathogens and maturation of immune responses. The emerging evidence shows that intestinal microbiota is associated with the development of childhood diseases such as allergic diseases, celiac, type 1 diabetes and obesity. Nutrition is considered to be the main environmental factor affecting the diversity and functionality of the gut microbiota. Diet has been shown to cause significant changes in the intestinal microbiota in a short time. In this respect, it is thought that medical nutritional therapy in childhood chronic diseases will affect the intestinal microbiota composition. Understanding the relationship and interactions between nutritional therapies and intestinal microbiota is critical to disease management. In this review, the effects of medical nutritional therapies on intestinal microbiota in some childhood chronic diseases are examined.

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