Kültepe'de Bulunmuş İki Antlaşma Metni

Kültepe-Kanis karumunda ortaya çıkarılan ve büyük bir kısmı Asurlu tüccarların ticari faaliyetlerini ihtiva eden belgeler arasında, seyrek de olsa, son derece önemli tarihi, idari ve hukuki belgeler de bulunmaktadır.Başta Akadlı Sargon'la ilgili tablet (Kt.j/k 97) olmak üzere, arka arkaya tespit edilen limu listeleri, Mama kralı Anum-Hirbi'nin Kanis kralı Warsama'ya gönderdiği mektup (Kt.g/t 35) ile Harsamna kralı Hurmeli'ye hitaben yazılmış diğer bir mektup (Kt.01/k 217) ve burada işlediğimiz iki antlaşma metni ilk akla gelen örneklerdir.

The Texts of Two Treaties Found at Kültepe

It has been observed that the two tablets with excavation inventory numbers Kt. 00/k 6 and Kt. 00/k 10, found during the Kültepe excavation of 2000 and dated to the late phase of Kültepe (Ib), contain the texts of different treaties. Kt. 00/k 6 was found broken into two pieces, which were then rejoined. The front side in particular is in a very bad condition and most of the text cannot be deciphered in a way providing us with meaningful sentences. This 90 line tablet contains the text of a treaty between Kanis and the Assyrian state. In particular it contains many provisions concerning the protection of the lives and properties of Assyrian citizens. Among the main provisions: Assyrians' goods or real estate could not be confiscated or bought for less than their market value; if goods were lost and found they would be given back to their owners, and if they were not found indemnity would be paid for them; blood money would be paid for each Assyrian killed and the murderer would be punished by execution, to be carried out personally by the Assyrians; the commercial activities of an Assyrian indebted to a citizen of Kanis could not be limited and others would not be considered responsible in his place. Kt. 00/k 10's dimensions and four columns are unique as far as Kültepe is concerned. The tablet contains the text of the treaty entered into between Hahhum and the Assyrian state. A considerable part of the tablet is missing. Among the treaty's provisions it was also stated that decrees and sentences concerning Assyrians should be just; in case a ship owned by an Assyrian was sunk by someone, the full value of the goods transported would be indemnified; and as in the case of the above-mentioned treaty blood money would be paid for each Assyrian killed and the murderer would be punished by execution, to be carried out personally by the Assyrians.

Keywords:

Kültepe, Treaty Text, Assyrian Merchants, Tablet, Archaeology History,

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