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Erken Ortaçağların Şehirler Topluluğu: Medâ’in

Erken Ortaçağlar’ın başından Sâsânî imparatorluğunun yıkılışına kadar bu imparatorluğun yönetimsel başkenti olan Medâ’in şehirler topluluğu, İlkçağ ve Erken Ortaçağların en büyük metropollerinden bir tanesidir. Farklı büyüklüklerde ve değişik zamanlarda inşa edilmiş olan şehir ve kasabalardan meydana gelen Medâ’in şehirler topluluğu farklı bir demografik mozaiğe sahipti. Dicle ve Fırat nehirlerinin birbirine en yakın olduğu noktada Dicle nehrinin kenarına kurulmuş olan bu şehirler topluluğu, sahip olduğu tarımsal ve ticari yoğunluğundan dolayı önemli bir ekonomik merkez olma özelliğinin yanında; sarayları, köşkleri ve farklı mimari yapılarıyla çok faklı kültürlerin izlerini taşıyan modern bir görünüme sahip bir şehirdi. Mezopotamya toprakları üzerinde kurulmuş birçok imparatorluğa başkentlik yapmış olan bu şehirler topluluğu siyasi ve idari açıdan Ortadoğu’nun kalbi konumunda olmuştur. Doğu ve Batı arasında uzanan yolların kesişme noktasında olan bu şehirler topluluğu sahip olduğu önemini Abbâsîler dönemine kadar koruyabilmiş ve yine bu dönemde Abbâsîler tarafından kurulan Bağdâd şehrinden sonra bütün canlılığını kaybetmiştir.

An Agglomeration of Early Middle Ages: Medâ'in

The group of the cities of Medâ’in, the administrative capital of the Sassanid Empire from the early Middle Ages to the collapse of this empire, is one of the biggest metropolises of the antiquity and of the Middle Ages. The group of the cities of Medâ’in, consisting of many cities and towns built in different sizes and various times, has a diverse demographic mosaic. This group of the cities, built on the bank of Tigris, at a point where Tigris and Euphrates are very close, is an important economic centre due to its agricultural and commercial intensity, and also has a modern city appearance with the traces of the different cultures due to its palaces, mansions, and various architectural style. This group of the cities, having been capital to the many empires in Mesopotamia, had become the heart of the Middle East thanks to its politic and administrative importance. This group of cities, a junction point of the routes between East and West, could preserve its importance until the Abbâsîd Period, but lost its dynamics after the establishment of Baghdad by the Abbâsîds in the same period.

Keywords:

Medâ’in, Sâssânîds, Tisfun Ctesiphon, Tigris,

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