İsmet YENER, Ahmet DUMAN, Caner SATIRAL, Hüseyin AVŞAR

Kızılağaç Meşcerelerinin Çay Bahçelerine Dönüştürülmesi Sonucu Toprakların Bazı Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özelliklerinde Meydana Gelen Değişimler (Arhavi Örneği)

Bu çalışmada diğer dünya ülkelerinin olduğu kadar Türkiye’deki önemli çevresel sorunlardan da biri olan orman alanlarının tarım alanlarına dönüştürülmesi sonucunda toprakların bazı özelliklerindeki değişimin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla kızılağaç meşcereleri ve çay bahçelerinden 3 yükselti kuşağı, 2 bakı ve 3 tekrar olmak üzere 18’er adet örnekleme yapılmıştır. Her alanda bir toprak çukuru açılarak iki derinlik kademesinden (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm) toprak örnekleri alınmış, toplam 72 toprak örneği üzerinde bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toprak örnekleri üzerinde pH, organik madde içeriği, tarla-solma noktalarındaki nem miktarı ve tekstür belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen özelliklerin yükselti, bakı ve arazi kullanım durumuna göre bir farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek üzere SPSS paket programında iki yönlü çok değişkenli varyans analizi (iki yönlü MANOVA) uygulanmıştır. Bu analiz sonucuna göre birinci derinlik kademesindeki (0-15 cm) bazı toprak özellikleri üzerinde sadece yükselti kuşağı ve arazi kullanım durumu-yükselti kuşağı kombinasyonu etkili olurken; ikinci derinlik kademesindekiler üzerinde bakı, yükselti kuşağı, arazi kullanım durumu-bakı, arazi kullanım durumu-yükselti kuşağı ve bakı-yükselti kuşağı kombinasyonları etkili olmuştur.

Changes in Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils under Alder Stands and Tea Plantations As A Result of Land Use Conversion (A case study from Arhavi)

This study aimed to determine the changes in some physical and chemical properties of soils under alder stands and tea plantations as a result of land use conversion, from forest to cultivated area, which is one of the most important environmental problems in Turkey, as well as in the world. Within this scope, 36 sample plots (18 from alder stands, 18 from tea plantations) were taken. The sample plots were equally distributed in 3 altitude belts and 2 aspect groups with 3 replicates. In each sample plot a soil pit was dug and a soil sample was taken from 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths. Soil texture, pH, organic matter, permanent wilting point, field capacity and plant available water capacity were determined on total 72 soil samples. Two-way multivariate analysis of variance (two-way MANOVA) was carried out to determine differences in given soil properties according to land use, altitude belts and aspect groups. As a result, the soil properties in first soil depth (0-15 cm) were significantly affected by only altitude belts and land use-altitude belts combinations; those in second soil depth (15-30 cm) were significantly affected by aspect groups, altitude belts, land use-aspect groups, land use-altitude belts and aspect groups-altitude belts.

Keywords:

land use, Forest, soil, two-way MANOVA,

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