Genç Karaçam (Pinus nigra Arn.) Fidanlarında İbre Kaybının Fidanın Morfolojik ve Anatomik Özelliklerine Etkisi

Literatürde çeşitli miktarlarda ibre eksiltme uygulamasının ağaç fidan halinde iken fidanın büyümesine etkisi çok az araştırılmıştır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmanın amacı, karaçam (Pinus nigra Arn.) fidanlarında çeşitli miktarlarda ibre eksiltme uygulamasının fidanın morfolojik, anatomik ve odun yoğunluk özelliklerine etkisini belirlemektir. Fidanlarda, ibre eksiltme miktarlarının fidan özelliklerine etkisini belirleyebilmek amacıyla fidanların gövdelerinden 4 farklı miktarda ibre eksiltilmiştir: %0, %25, %50 ve %75. Her bir ibre eksiltme uygulaması için, fidanların morfolojik (gövde çapı, nodyum sayısı, öz yüzdesi, kabuk yüzdesi ve ksilem yüzdesi), anatomik (ortalama yıllık halka genişliği, birim alanda traheid sayısı, traheid uzunluğu, traheid genişliği, traheid lumen genişliği, traheid hücre duvarı kalınlığı, öz ışını sayısı, öz ışınlarının uzunlukları ve genişlikleri) ve odun yoğunluk değerleri analizleri ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. Morfolojik test bulguları %0 ve %25 miktarda ibre kesilmiş olan fidanlarda gövde çapının diğer ibre eksiltme uygulamalarından daha fazla olduğunu göstermiştir. Fakat, diğer bir morfolojik özellik olan nodyum sayısı, farklı miktarda ibre kesme uygulama işlemleri arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir değişim göstermemiştir. Her bir fidanda, nodyum sayısı yaklaşık 4 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Fidanların odun yoğunluk değerleri sonuçlarına göre, % 0 ve % 25 miktarda ibre eksiltmelerinde fidanların yoğunluk değerleri %50 ve %75 miktarda ibre eksiltme uygulamalarından daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Anatomik analiz sonuçlarına göre, hiç ibre eksiltilmemiş olan fidanlarda (%0) öz ışınları daha uzun ve daha geniş bulunmuştur, ayrıca birim alanda (1 mm2 alanda) traheid sayısı ve traheid uzunluğu diğer ibre eksiltme uygulamalarından daha yüksek değerler çıkarmıştır. % 25 ibre eksiltme uygulamasında ise ilginç biçimde traheid hücrelerinin hücre zarı kalınlığı diğer ibre eksiltme uygulamalarından daha yüksek saptanmıştır.

Anatomical and Morphological Changes with Needle Removal Treatments on the Seedlings of Pinus nigra Arn. (Anatolian black pine)

The effect of needle removal treatments on the morphology, anatomy and wood density was less studied in the literature. Therefore, the aim this study was to investigate the effect of needle removal on the morphological, anatomical and wood density properties of the seedlings of Pinus nigra Arn. (Anatolian black pine). The needles of the seedlings were removed in four different amounts (0%, 25%, 50% and 75%) to determine whether there is a relationship between the properties of seedlings and the needle removal treatments. The morphological (stem diameter, node numbers, pith percentage, bark percentage, xylem percentage), anatomical properties (average annual ring width, tracheid number per mm2, tracheid height/width, tracheid lumen width, tracheid wall thickness, ray number per mm2, ray height/width) and wood densities were individually determined for each treatment. The morphological results showed that stem diameter was greatest in 0% and 25% needle removal treatments than that of two treatments. Bark% was also found to be higher in the 0% needle removal treatments than others. However, node numbers, pith% and xylem% did not differ significantly between four removal treatments. The density results showed that the seedlings of 0% and 25% needle treatments were denser than 50% and 75% needle removal treatments. The results of anatomical analysis also found surprising results between four treatments. Ray height/width, tracheid number per mm2and tracheid length were significantly greater in the 0% removal of needles than that of three treatments. 25% needle removal treatment also showed larger tracheid area and tracheid wall thickness than that of three needle removal treatments.

Keywords:

Morphology, Wood Anatomy, Needle removal, Pine seedling Density,

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