Selahattin BARDAK, Gökay NEMLİ, Timuçin BARDAK, Hüseyin PEKER, Mehmet ÖZCAN

Ayçiçek Kafasının Yongalevha Endüstrisinde Kullanılabilme Olanakları

Bu çalışmada, ayçiçek üretimi sonrası tarlada atık kalan ayçiçek tablasının hammadde olarak yonga levha üretimine uygunluğu araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada belirli oranlarda kokar ağaç (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) odunu ve ayçiçek tablası içeren 5 farklı levha üretilmiştir. Aynı zamanda kullanılan hammaddelerin kimyasal özellikleri ve yonga levhaların çeşitli kalite özelliklerine de (fiziksel, mekanik, yüzey özellikleri ve formaldehit emisyonu) bakılmıştır. Son olarak da elde edilen veriler değerlendirilerek yonga levhaların çeşitli kullanım yerlerinde özellikle de mobilya ve genel kullanım için uygunluğu ilgili standartlara bakılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kimyasal analizlerden elde edilen verilen verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda tüm çözünürlük değerleri, pH ve kül değerlerinin ayçiçek tablasında kokar ağaca odununa göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fakat holoselüloz, selüloz, hemizelüloz ve lignin miktarlarının ise kokar ağaç odununda ayçiçek tablasına göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalardan elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmesi sonucu yonga levhaların üretiminde % 10 ayçiçek kafası kullanılması yonga levhaların teknolojik özelliklerini etkilememiştir. % 20, % 30 ve % 100 ayçiçek tablası kullanımı eğilme direnci, elastikiyet modülü ve yüzeye dik çekme direncini olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Buna rağmen 2 ve 24 saatlik kalınlığına şişme değerleri ve formaldehit emisyonunu ise olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Son olarak ise levhaların yüzey özelliklerine (ortalama pürüzlülük, en büyük pürüzlülük ve on nokta pürüzlülüğü) bakıldığında ayçiçek tablası kullanım oranın artmasına paralel olarak pürüzlülük değerlerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir.

Possibilities of Using Sunflower Tray in Particleboard Industry

In this study, the appropriateness of the remaining sunflower tray in the field after the sunflower production as raw material to the particleboard production was investigated. In the study, 5 different particleboards were produced, which included certain amounts of wood of tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) and sunflower table. At the same time, the chemical properties of the raw materials used and the various quality characteristics of the chips (physical, mechanical, surface properties and formaldehyde emission) were examined. Finally, the obtained data were evaluated and evaluated for the suitability of the chipboards in various places of use, in particular for furniture and general use, according to relevant standards. As a result of the evaluation of the data obtained from chemical analysis, it has been determined that all the solubility values, pH and ash values are higher in the sunflower tray than the wood of tree of heaven. However, the amount of holocellulose, cellulose, hemisellulose and lignin were found to be higher in the wood of tree heaven compared to the sunflower tray. The statistical evaluation of the data obtained as a result of the studies done does not affect the technological characteristics of the chips by using 10% sunflower head in the production of the particleboards. Using 20%, 30% and 100% sunflower tray affected the bending strength, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond strenght to the surface in the negative direction. Despite this, it affected positively the thickness swelling values for 2 and 24 hour immersion and formaldehyde emission..Finally, when looking at the surface properties of the boards (average roughness, maximum roughness and ten point roughness), it was determined that the roughness values increased in parallel with the increase of sunflower tray utilization rate.

Keywords:

Particleboard, Sunflower Tray, Technological Properties,

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