Yeni Keynesyen Yaklaşım Perspektifinde Optimal Taylor Kuralı: Türkiye Örneği

Yeni Keynesyen Yaklaşımda, talep şokları ve maliyet itişli şokların etkilediği enflasyon sapması ve çıktı açığı para politikası için sinyal niteliğindedir. Buna göre, optimal Taylor kuralı da merkez bankası faiz oranı ile enflasyon sapması ve çıktı açığı arasındaki agresif ilişkidir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de Yeni Keynesyen Yaklaşım kapsamında optimal Taylor kuralının alternatif modelleri 2005:M01-2017:M12 dönemi için VAR yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, orijinal Taylor kuralı faiz düzleştirme katsayısı ile döviz kuru dahil edilerek kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, merkez bankası faiz oranı ataletini dikkate alan bir para politikası kuralının daha objektif olacağına işaret etmektedir.

Optimal Taylor Rule in New Keynesian Approach Perspective: The Case of Turkey

In the new Keynesian Approach, inflation deviations and output gap, which are influenced by demand and cost push shocks, are a signal for monetary policy. Accordingly, the optimal Taylor rule is an aggressive relationship between central bank interest rate and inflation deviation and output gap. In this study, alternative models of the Taylor rule under New Keynesian Approach is analyzed by VAR methods for 2005:M1-2017:M12 period in Turkey. In this direction, the original Taylor rule was used, including the interest rate smoothing coefficient and the exchange rate. Our results indicate that the monetary policy rule, which takes into account the existence of central bank interest rate inertia, would be more objective.

___

  • Aklan, N. ve Nargeleçekenler, M. (2007). Taylor Kuralı: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 63(2), 22-41.
  • Albayrak, N. Ve Abdioğlu, Z. (2016). Geriye ve İleriye Dönük Para Politikası Reaksiyon Fonksiyonlarının Tahmini: Taylor Kuralı, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 20(4), 141- 163.
  • Alkın, H. ve Işık, S. (2015). Yeni Uzlaşı Modelinin Eleştirisi, Post Keynesyen Enflasyon Hedeflemesi ve Para Politikası Kuralları, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 117, 1-28.
  • Ambler S., Dib A. Ve Rebei N. (2004). Optimal Taylor Rules in an Estimation Model of a Small Open Economy, Bank of Canada Working Paper, 36, 1-34.
  • Ardor H.M. ve Varlık S. (2014) İleriye Dönük Yeni Keynesyen Para Politikası Reaksiyon Fonksiyonu Tahmini: Taylor Kuralı’nın, Mccallum Kuralı’nın, Taylor-Mccallum Melez Kuralı’nın Türkiye Ekonomisinde Geçerliliği, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 24(89), 45-71 .
  • Barnett W.A. ve Duzhak E.A. (2010). Empirical Assessment of Bifurcation Regions within New Keynesian Models, Economic Theory, 45, 99-128.
  • Barradas R. (2014). The New Keynesian Model: An Empirical Application to the Euro Area Economy, Journal of Money, Investment and Banking, 29, 79-102.
  • Bauer C. Ve Neuenkirch M. (2017). Forecast Uncertainty and Taylor Rule, Research Papers in Economics, 5, 1-39.
  • Bernanke, B.S., Woodford, M. (1997). Inflation Forecastand Monetary Policy, NBER Working Paper, 6157, 1-66.
  • Bernanke, B.S., Gertler, M. (1999, Nisan). Monetary Policy and Asset Price Volatility. Pages of: New Challenges for Monetary Policy. Jackson Hole Symposium, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 77–128.
  • Boehm C.E.ve House C.L. (2014). Optimal Taylor Rules in New Keynesian Models, NBER Working Paper Series, 20237, 1-29.
  • Bouda M. (2014) The New Keynesian DSGE Model and Alternative Monetary Policy Rules in The Czech Republic, Acta Oeconomica Pragensia, 2014-1, 41-54.
  • Box G.E.P ve Jenkins G.M. (1970). Time Series Analysis Forecasting and Control. San Francisco: Holden-Day.
  • Calvo G.A. (1993). Staggered Prices in A Utility- Maximizing Framework, Journal of Monetary Economics, 12, 383-398.
  • Castelnuovo, E. (2003). Taylor rules, Omitted Variables and Interest Rate Smoothing in the US, Economic Letters, 81, 2655-59.
  • Cecchetti S. (2000). Making Monetary Policy: Objectives and Rules, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 16(4), 43-59.
  • Clarida, R., Gali, J. & Gertler, M. (1998). Monetary Policy Rules in Practice: Some International Evidence, European Economic Review, 42, 1033-1067.
  • Clarida, R., Gali, J. & Gertler, M. (2000). Monetary Policy Rules and Macroeconomic Stability: Evidence and Some Theory, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(1), 147-180.
  • Cochrane H.H. (2007). In Inflation Determination with Taylor Rules: A Critical Review, NBER Working Paper Series, 13410, 1-47.
  • Condrad C. ve Eife T.A. (2012). Explaining Inflation-gap Persistence by A Time-Varying Taylor Rule, Journal of Macroecomics, 34(2), 419-428.
  • Cömert H. ve Yeldan E. (2008). Interest Rate Smoothing and Macroeconomic Instability under Post Capital Account Liberalization Turkey, Political Economy Research Institute, 173, 1-32.
  • Çağlayan, E. (2005). Türkiye’de Taylor Kuralı’nın Geçerliliğinin Ekonometrik Analizi,Marmara Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 20(1), 379-392.
  • Darıcı B. (2012). Finansal İstikrar ve Finansal İstikrara Yönelik Kamusal Sorumluluk Çerçevesinde Para Politikası: Türkiye Analizi, TBB Bankacılar Dergisi, 23, 1-198.
  • Dolores R.M. ve Vazquez J. (2004). The New Keynesian Monetary Models: Does It Show The Comovement Between Output and Inflation in The US?, De Gruyter, 6(2), 1-37.
  • Enders W.(1995). Applied Econometric Time Series, Jonh Wiley 8 Sons, 221-225.
  • Farrell J.P. (2015). Taylor Rules and Central Bank Preferences and Inflation Targeting, Sheffield Economic Research Paper Series, 2015-23, 1-27.
  • Favero C.A. (2001). Applied Macroecometrics. New York: Oxford
  • Gali J. (2007). The New Keynesian Approach to Monetary Policy Analysis: Lessons and New Directions, The Deutsche Bank Prize in Financial Economics, 9-19.
  • Granger C.W.J. (1969). Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods, Econometrica, 37(3), 424-438.
  • Granger C.W.J. ve Newbold P. (1974). Spurios Regressions in Econometrics, Journal of Econometrics, 2(1974), 111-120.
  • Göçen, S. ve Bayhanay, A. (2016). Türkiye’de Uygulanan Para Politikalarının Taylor Kuralı Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi, State, Economic Policy, Taxation and Development 2016, 284- 294.
  • Gögül, P. ve Songur, M. (2016). Türkiye’de Enflasyon Hedeflemesi Stratejisinde Araç Kural Taylor Kuralı mı?, Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 21-41.
  • Hansen L.P. (1982). Large Sample Properties of Generalized Method of Moments Estimators, Econometrica, 50(4), 1029-1054.
  • Hoffmann B. ve Bagdanova B. (2012). Taylor Rules and Monetary Policy: A Global Great Deviation, BIS Quartley Review, 37-49.
  • Johansen S. (1995). Likehood-Based Inference in Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Model. New York: Oxford University.
  • Kerr, W., Robert, G.King (1996). Limits on Interest Rate Rules in the IS Model, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Quarterly, 82, 47–75.
  • Gerlach-Kristen P. (2004). Interest Rate Smoothing: Monetary Policy Inertia or Unobserved Variables, The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, 4(1), 1-19.
  • Lee J. ve Crowley P.M. (2009). Evaluating the Stresses from ECB Monetary Policy in the Euro Area, Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers, 11-2009, 1-26.
  • Lees K., Matheson T. Ve Smith C. (2007) Open Economy DSGE-VAR Forecasting and Policy Analysis- Head to Head with the RBNZ Published Forecast, Reserve Bank of New Zealand Discussion Paper Series, 1, 1-36.
  • Li H., Li T. ve Yu C. (2016). Optimal Monetary Policy and Term Structure in a Continuos-Time DSGE Model, Tsinghua Workshop in International Finance and Monetary Policy, 2017-5, 1-50.
  • Liu L.G ve Zhang W. (2007). ANew Keynesian Model For Analysing Monetary Policy in Mainland China, Hong-Kong Monetary Authority Working Paper, 18, 1-24.
  • Lutkepohl H. (2011). Vector Autoregressive Model, EUI Working Papers, 30, 2-22.
  • Markov N. Ve Nitschka T. (2013). Estimating Taylor Rules for Switzerland Evidence from 2000 to 2012, Swiss National Bank Working Papers, 8, 1-41.
  • Mohanty M.S. ve Klau M. (2004). Monetary Policy Rules in Emerging Market Economies: Issues and Evidence, BIS Working Papers, 149, 1-33.
  • Ongan, H. (2004). Enflasyon Hedeflemesi ve Taylor Kuralı: Türkiye Örneği, İstanbul Üniversitesi İktisata Fakültesi Maliye Araştırmaları Konferansları, 45, 1-12.
  • Orphanides, A. (2004). Monetary Policy Rules, Macroeconomic Stability and Inflation: A View From the Trenches, Journal of Money Credit and Banking, 36(2), 151-175.
  • Pesaran M. ve Shin Y. (1998). Generalized Impulse Response Analysis in Linear Multivariate Models, Economics Letters, 58(1), 17-29.
  • Rudebusch, G.D. (2001). Term Structures Evidence on Interest Rate Smoothing and Monetary Policy Inertia, Journal of Moneraty Economics, 49, 1161-1187.
  • Sack B.P. ve Vieland V. (1999). Interest Rate Smoothing and Optimal Monetary Policy: A Review of Recent Empirical Evidence, Finance and Economics Discussion Series, 39, 1-31.
  • Sims C.A. (1980). Macroeconmics and Reality, Econometrica, 48(1), 1-48.
  • Smets F. (2002). Output Gap Uncertainty: Does It Matter For The Taylor Rule, Empirical Economics, 27(1), 113-129.
  • Taylor, J.B. (1993). Discretion Versus PolicyRules in Practise, Cornegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 39, 194-214.
  • Taylor, J.B. (1999). A Historical Analysis of Monetary Policy Rules, NBER Working Paper, 7419, 319- 348.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası. (2006). Para ve Kur Politikası Metinleri. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası (2018) “İstatistikler 2018” 20 Mart 2018 tarihinden https://evds2.tcmb.gov.tr/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Woodford, M. (2001). The Taylor Rule and Optimal Monetary Policy, The American Economic Review, 91(2), 232-237.
  • Yıldırım E., Lopçu K., Çakmaklı S. ve Özkan Ö. (2010). Yeni Keynesyen Makro Ekonomik Bir Model Türkiye Uygulaması, Ege Akademik Bakış, 10(4), 1269-1277.