Nitrofurazona Bağlı Alerjik Kontakt Dermatit: 22 Olgudan Oluşan Bir Çalışma

Amaç: Topikal nitrofurazon kullanımına alerjik bağlı kontakt dermatit olgularının klinik ve demografik özelliklerininin araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemiz dermatoloji servisinde yatarak tedavi edilmiş ve diğer bölümlerden dermatolojiye konsülte edilmiş hastalardan topikal nitrofurazon kullanımına bağlı alerjik kontakt dermatiti olanlar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Dermatoloji servisine yatan 6, diğer bölümlerden dermatolojiye konsülte edilen 16 olmak üzere toplam 22 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmadaki 22 olgunun 9’u kadın (%40,9), 13’ü erkekti (%59,1). Yaş ortalaması 54,86±18 idi. Kontakt dermatit lezyonlarının lokalizasyonları; 6 olguda jeneralize tutulum, 4 olguda gövde, 4 olguda alt ekstremite, 3 olguda baş-boyun, 3 olguda üst ekstremite, 2 olguda anogenital bölge şeklindeydi. Üç olguda nitrofurazona bağlı pozitif yama testi vardı. Toplam 15 olguda eozinofili (%68,1) saptandı. Dermatoloji servisindeki olguların ortalama yatış süresi 8,33±3,50 gündü. En çok saptanan konsültasyonlar; genel cerrahi (%31,3), ortopedi (%31,3) ve plastik cerrahi (%18,7) bölümlerindendi. Sonuç: Nitrofurazon, topikal ilaçlara bağlı gelişen alerjik kontakt dermatitin önemli bir sebebidir. Ülkemizde hala önemli sayıda insan topikal nitrofurazona bağlı alerjik kontakt dermatit geliştirmektedir. Bu bakımdan, topikal nitrofurazon reçete ederken alerjik kontakt dermatit yapma potansiyeli göz önünde bulundurulmalı, güncel kullanımı sorgulanmalı, farmakovijilans uygulamalarına önem verilmeli ve topikal nitrofurazona bağlı alerjik kontakt dermatitle ilgili geniş ölçekli çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to Nitrofurazone: A Study of 22 Cases

Aim: It was aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with allergic contact dermatitis caused by topical nitrofurazone. Materials and Methods: In patients that were treated for allergic contact dermatitis caused by topical nitrofurazone in dermatology clinic and in other clinics, which were consulted to dermatology, were retrospectively examined. Twenty-two (6 in dermatology clinic, 16 were consults) patients were included in the study. Results: Nine of all patients were female (40.9%) and thirteen were male (59.1%). The mean age of the patients was 54,86±18. Out of all patients, 6 patients had generalized involvement, 4 had lesions on trunk, 4 had lesions on lower extremity, 3 had lesions on head and neck, 3 had lesions on upper extremity, 2 had lesions on anogenital region. Only 3 patients showed positive patch test reactions to nitrofurazone. Out of the patients, only 15 patients had eosinophilia (68.1%). The mean duration of hospital stay in the dermatology clinic was 8.33 ± 3.50 days. The most common referrals were from the general surgery (31.3%), followed by orthopedics (31.3%) and plastic surgery (18.7%). Conclusion: Nitrofurazone is an important cause of allergic contact dermatitis due to topical drugs. In our country, a significant number of people still develop allergic contact dermatitis caused by topical nitrofurazone. In this respect, it should be considered the risk for allergic contact dermatitis when prescribing topical nitrofurazone, should be questioned the usage of nitrofurazone, should be given attention to good pharmacovigilance practices, and should be conducted large-scale studies on topical nitrofurazone-induced allergic contact dermatitis.

Keywords:

nitrofurazone, polyethylene glycol Allergic contact dermatitis,

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