Cevdet Emre YILMAZ, Savas SAHİN, Bahadır YEŞİL, Alkım GÖKÇEN

Akıllı Sokak Lambaları için Mikrodenetleyici Tabanlı Kablosuz Haberleşme Sistemi Tasarımı

Sokak aydınlatması şehirlerdeki toplam enerji tüketiminin büyük bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, ışık yayan diyot (LED) sokak aydınlatmasında enerji tüketimini azaltmaya ve arızalı LED sokak lambalarını tespit etmeye odaklanmıştır. Bu amaçla akıllı LED sokak lambaları için mikrodenetleyici tabanlı kablosuz iletişim sistemi tasarlanmıştır. Tasarlanan sistemde LED sokak lambasının ışık şiddeti, hava sıcaklığı ve nemi ile sokak lambasının etrafındaki hareket sayısı gözlemlenmiştir. Geliştirilen modül, gözlenen değerlerin analiz edildiği ve çıkışa göre LED armatürün parlaklığının kontrol edildiği gömülü bir sistemden oluşmuştur. Gömülü sistemde kullanılan mikrodenetleyici, sensörlerin iletişimini ve veri iletimini sağlamak için C programlama dili ile programlanmıştır. Ölçülen değerlerin gözlemlenmesi için bir insan-makine arayüzü geliştirilmiştir. Sensörlerden gelen verileri bilgisayar ortamına aktarmak için uzun menzilli (LoRa) teknolojisi kullanılmıştır. LoRa teknolojisi, bir uç cihaz, ağ geçidi, sunucu (Chirpstack) ve insan-makine arayüzünden oluşur. Gün batımından sonra hareket sensörü devreye girmiştir ve ortam hareketlerinin sayısı tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen hareket sayısına göre ortam kalabalık veya tenha olarak tanımlanmıştır. LED sokak lambasının parlaklığı, ortam koşullarına göre gece yarısından sonra otomatik olarak belirlenmiştir. Geliştirilen sistemin enerji tüketimi üzerindeki etkileri analiz edilmiş ve sonuçlar sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

LoRa, Mikroişlemci, Hata tespiti, Enerji tasarrufu, Akıllı sokak lambası

Microcontroller Based Wireless Communication System Design for Smart Streetlights

Street lighting accounts for a large part of the total energy consumption in cities. This study focused on reducing energy consumption in light-emitting diode (LED) street lighting and detecting defective LED streetlights. For this purpose, a microcontroller-based wireless communication system has been designed for smart LED streetlights. In the designed system, the light intensity of the LED streetlight, the air temperature and humidity, and the number of movements around the streetlight were observed. The developed module consists of an embedded system in which the observed values are analyzed, and the brightness of the LED luminaire is controlled according to the output. The microcontroller used in the embedded system is programmed with the C programming language to enable the communication of the sensors and data transmission. A human-machine interface has been developed for observing the measured values. Long-range (LoRa) technology is used to transfer the data received from the sensors to the computer environment. LoRa technology consists of an end device, gateway, server (Chirpstack), and human-machine interface. After sunset, the motion sensor was activated and the number of environmental movements was detected. The environment was described as crowded or secluded according to the number of detected movements. The brightness of the LED streetlight was determined automatically after midnight according to the ambient conditions. The effects of the developed system on energy consumption were analyzed, and the results were presented.

Keywords:

LoRa, Microcontroller, Fault detection, Energy saving, Smart streetlight.,

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