Russia’s capability of managing transnational issues: The use of the imperial legacy

Bugünün dünyasında bölgesel ya da küresel sorunların, çoğu durumda ulus devletlerin tekil yeteneklerini fazlasıyla zorlayan karmaşıklıkta olduğu görülmektedir. Bu sorunların aşılması için ulus devletlerin yeteneklerinin ötesinde daha kuşatıcı bir sorun çözme kabiliyetine ihtiyaç duyulduğu, birçok bölgesel ya da küresel krizde gözlemlendiği üzere aşikârdır. ‘Sınıraşan sorunların yönetimi’ gibi bir isimlendirme, ihtiyaç duyulan bu kabiliyet için uygun bir tanımlama girişimi olacaktır. Bu suretle, modern yönetim pratiğinin sonuç odaklı kabiliyeti ile ulusal sınırları aşan sorunların yönetimi görevi arasında bir ilgililik kurulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu izah çerçevesinde, Rusya’nın ulusal sınırları aşan sorunları yönetme kabiliyetinin irdelenmesi, bahsi geçen ilgililik noktasında uygun bir tercih olacaktır. Buna bağlı olarak Rusya’nın 2008 Güney Osetya Krizi’nde sergilediği sınır ötesi operasyon yeteneği, örnek vak’a değerindedir. 2008 Güney Osetya Krizi’nin tetkiki, Rusya’nın ulusal sınırları aşan sorunları yönetme kabiliyetine büyük oranda bu ülkenin imparatorluk mirasının kaynaklık ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bugünün sınıraşan sorunlarının yalnızca askeri güç kullanımı ile çözümü mümkün görünmemektedir. Bu görev, aynı zamanda sınıraşan sorunlara ya da sorunlu bölgelere dair yönetsel bir bilgi sermayesine de sahip olunmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu bilgi sermayesi, bir tür ‘yumuşak güç’ olarak nitelendirilebilir. Rusya’nın 2008’deki Güney Osetya Krizi’ne müdahalesine ve onu yönetme biçimine bu zaviyeden bakmak mümkündür.

Rusya’nın sınıraşan sorunları yönetme kabiliyeti: Emperyal mirasın kullanımı

Many problems and disputes of today’s world agenda are of complex character which exceeds capabilities of national states and even those of international organisations. It has been observed today on many occasions that settling today’s complex regional or global problems requires a comprehensive and problem solving capability. ‘Managing transnational issues’ can be a proper name for the needed capability. Through the use of this name, it is aimed at finding out a relationship between the task of managing transnational issues and result- producing function of modern management. In doing so, it is highlighted that the efficiency of the capability of managing transnational issues can arise from its reliance on the result- producing techniques of management practices. Russia’s involvement in the 2008 South Ossetia Crisis sets, in this sense, a striking example of a capability of managing transnational issues. Russia’s strategic gains in the 2008 South Ossetia Crisis were achieved through the use of the legacy of practices of managing transnational issues inherited from its imperial past. Today’s transnational issues cannot be resolved only by the use of hard power, but they also necessitate an expertise of management of transnational issues or problem areas. The possession of this expertise can be identified as a soft power. Russia’s involvement in the 2008 South Ossetia Crisis and its way of managing the issue can be read in this respect.

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