Mahmut Ozan TOKSOY, Fahriye Figen TIRNAKSIZ

KATI LİPİT NANOPARTİKÜLLER VE BEYNE ÖZGÜ İLAÇ TAŞIYICI SİSTEM OLARAK UYGULAMALARI

Amaç: Son 20 yılda nanoteknolojik gelişmeler ile birlikte ilaç moleküllerinin beyne hedeflenmesine yönelik çalışmalarda artış gözlenmektedir. Beyin, kan dolaşımından kendine özgü bir bariyer ile ayrılmıştır. Kan-beyin bariyeri olarak adlandırılan bu yapı astrosit, perisit, endotel hücreleri ve bunlar arasında bulunan sıkı bağlantılardan oluşmaktadır. Moleküllerin beyne geçişini engelleyen enzimatik aktivitenin yanında, beynin sistemik dolaşımdan kan-beyin bariyeri ile ayrılması, terapötik moleküllerinin beyne geçişini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu yüzden merkezi sinir sistemi rahatsızlıklarında tedavi zorlaşmakta, terapötik etki azalmakta veya gözlenememektedir. Bu durumu anlamak ve olası sorunları giderebilmek için beynin ve kan-beyin bariyerinin yapısı bilinmeli, ilaç moleküllerinin geçiş mekanizmaları aydınlatılmalıdır. Beyne hedeflemede ilaç taşıyıcı sistemlerin önemi günden güne artmaktadır. Üretilen sistemler arasında katı lipit nanopartiküllerin kolay üretimi, biyo-uyumluluğu, biyo-bozunabilirliği açısından diğer sistemlere göre avantajları bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede, kan beyin bariyerinden bahsedilmesi, beyne ilaç hedefleme yöntemlerinin açıklanması ve beyne ilaç moleküllerinin hedeflenmesinde katı lipit nanopartiküllerle yapılan çalışmalardan söz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES AND APPLICATIONS AS BRAIN SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Objective: In the last 20 years, with the nanotechnological developments, there has been an increase in studies aimed at targeting drug molecules to the brain. The brain is separated from bloodstream by a unique barrier. This structure, called the blood-brain barrier, which consists of astrocytes, pericytes, endothelial cells and tight junctions between them. Apart from the enzymatic activity that prevents the passage of molecules to the brain, the separation of the brain from the systemic blood circulation by the blood-brain barrier negatively affects the passage of therapeutic molecules. The structure of the brain and the blood-brain barrier must be known and the penetration mechanisms of drug molecules to the brain must be elucidated. In this review, we aimed to mention the blood-brain barrier and drug targeting methods to the brain. Also, importance of the solid lipid nanoparticles in targeting drug molecules to the brain will be emphasized.

Keywords:

Blood-brain barrier, Drug delivery systems Solid lipid nanoparticles, Targeting to the brain,

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