Erkek yaşı sperm parametrelerini etkiliyor mu? Türk popülasyonuna ait ilk seri

AMAÇ: Çalışmanın amacı, infertilite araştırma amacıyla elde edilmiş 1402 semen örneğinde, baba yaşı ile semen parametreleri (konsantrasyon, motilite, progresif motilite, morfoloji, akrozomal indeks, semen hacmi) arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak ve baba yaşının infertilite üzerine olası etkisinin araştırılmasına katkı sağlamaktır. GEREÇ ve YÖNTEMLER: Çalışma, Ocak 2017-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul Florence Nightingale Hastanesi, Tüp Bebek Merkezi’ne başvuran ve semen analizi yapılan 1402 hastayı kapsamaktadır. Hastaların semen örnekleri WHO kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Örnekler 40 yaş altı ve 40 yaş üstü olacak şekilde iki gruba ayrılmıştır. İki grupta sperm konsantrasyonu (mil/mL), toplam motilite (%), progresif motilite (%), normal morfoloji (%) ve akrozomal indeks (%) parametreleri karşılaştırılmıştır. BULGULAR: İki grup birbiriyle karşılaştırıldığında toplam motilite, progresif motilite, morfoloji ve akrozom indeks parametreleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamasına rağmen sperm konsantrasyonunun 40 yaş üstü grupta istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir (p

Does male age affect sperm parameters? First series from Turkish population

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between father age and semen parameters (concentration, motility, progressive motility, morphology, acrosomal index, semen volume) in 1402 semen samples obtained for infertility research and to contribute to the investigation of the possible effect of father age on infertility. MATRERIAL and METHODS: In our study, 1402 patients who applied to the IVF Center of Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital between January 2017 and May 2019 were examined. Semen samples were evaluated according to WHO criteria. Samples were divided into two groups as 40 and over 40 years. Sperm concentration (miles/mL), total motility (%), progressive motility (%), normal morphology (%) and acrosomal index (%) were compared in two groups. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between total motility, progressive motility, morphology and acrosome index parameters when the two groups were compared (p>0.05). However, sperm concentration was found to be statistically significant in the group over 40 years of age (p

___

  • 1. Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD, de Mouzon J, Ishihara O, Mansour R, Nygren K, et al. The international committee for monitoring assisted reproductive technology (ICMART) and the World Health Organization (WHO) revised glossary on ART terminology, 2009. Hum Reprod 2009;24:2683–7. [CrossRef]
  • 2. Sharlip ID, Jarow JP, Belker AM, Lipshultz LI, Sigman M, Thomas AJ, et al. Best practice policies for male infertility. Fertil Steril 2002;77:873–82. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Agarwal A, Mulgund A, Hamada A, Chyatte MR. A unique view on male infertility around the globe. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015;13:37. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Kesari KK, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Radiations and male fertility. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2018;16:118. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Ilacqua A, Izzo G, Emerenziani GP, Baldari C, Aversa A. Life style and fertility: the influence of stress and quality of life on male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018;16:115. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Du Plessis SS, Agarwal A, Sabanegh ES Jr, editors. Male infertility: a complete guide to life style and environmental factors. Cleveland, OH, USA: Springer ;2014. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Humm KC, Sakkas D. Role of increased male age in IVF and egg donation: is sperm DNA fragmentation responsible? Fertil Steril 2013;99:30–6. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Jenkins TG, Aston KI, Pflueger C, Cairns BR, Carrell DT. Age-associated sperm DNA methylation alterations: possible implications in offspring disease susceptibility PLoS Genet 2014;10:e1004458. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Dain L, Auslander R, Dirnfeld M. The effect of paternal age on assisted reproduction outcome. Fertil Steril 2011;95:1–8. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Brahem S, Mehdi M, Elghezal H, Saad A. The effects of male aging on semen quality, sperm DNA fragmentation and chromosomal abnormalities in an infertile population. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011;28:425–32. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Sharma R, Agarwal A, Rohra VK, Assidi M, Abu-Elmagd M, Turki RF. Effects of increased paternal age on sperm quality, reproductive outcome and associated epigenetic risks to offspring. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015;13:35. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Singh NP, Muller CH, Berger RE. Effects of age on DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in human sperm. Fertil Steril 2003;80:1420–30. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Simon L, Castillo J, Oliva R, Lewis SE. Relationships between human sperm protamines, DNA damage and assisted reproduction outcomes. Reprod Biomed Online 2011;23:724–34. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Das M, Al-Hathal N, San-Gabriel M, Phillips S, Kadoch IJ, Bissonnette F, et al. High prevalence of isolated sperm DNA damage in infertile men with advanced paternal age. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013;30:843–8. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Nijs M, De Jonge C, Cox A, Janssen M, Bosmans E, Ombelet W. Correlation between male age, WHO sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation, chromatin packaging and outcome in assisted reproduction technology. Andrologia 2011;43:174–9. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Milekic MH, Xin Y, A O’Donnell, Kumar KK, Bradley-Moore M, Malaspina D, et al. Age-related sperm DNA methylation changes are transmitted to offspring and associated with abnormal behavior and dysregulated gene expression. Mol Psychiatry 2015;20:995– 1001. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Colasante A, Minasi MG, Scarselli F, Casciani V, Zazzaro V, Ruberti A, et al. The aging male: Relationship between male age, sperm quality and sperm DNA damage in an unselected population of 3124 men attending the fertility centre for the first time. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2018;90:254–9. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Ok E, Özyurt D, Gülekli B. Asthenozoospermia olgularında sperm morfolojisi değerlendirmede Spermac ve Diff-quik boya yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması. Gülhane Tıp Derg 2008;50:23–6. http://cms.galenos. com.tr/Uploads/Article_33204/GMJ-50-23-En.pdf
  • 19. Kidd SA, Eskenazi B, Wyrobek AJ. Effects of male age on semen quality and fertility: a review of the literature. Fertil Steril 2001;75:237–48. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Levitas E, Lunenfeld E, Weisz N, Friger M, Potashnik G. Relationship between age and semen parameters in men with normal sperm concentration: analysis of 6022 semen samples. Andrologia 2007;39:45–50. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Carrell DT, Liu L. Altered protamine 2 expression is uncommon in donors of known fertility, but common among men with poor fertilizing capacity, and may reflect other abnormalities of spermiogenesis. J Androl 2001;22:604–10. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Aoki VW, Moskovtsev SI, Willis J, Liu L, Mullen JBM, Carrell DT. DNA integrity is compromised in protamine‐deficient human sperm. J Androl 2005;26:741–8. [CrossRef]
  • 23. Aoki VW, Emery BR, Liu L, Carrell DT. Protamine levels vary between individual sperm cells of infertile human males and correlate with viability and DNA integrity. J Androl 2006;27:890– 8. [CrossRef]
  • 24. Zubkova EV, Wade M, Robaire B. Changes in spermatozoal chromatin packaging and susceptibility to oxidative challenge during aging. Fertil Steril 2005;84:1191–8. [CrossRef]
  • 25. Cooper TG, Noonan E, von Eckardstein S, Auger J, Baker HWG, Behre HM, et al. World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics. Hum Reprod Update 2010;16:231– 45. [CrossRef]
  • 25. Gray A, Feldman HA, Mckinlay JB, Longcope C. Age disease and changing sex hormone levels in middle-aged men: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;73:1016–25. [CrossRef]
  • 26. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Guidelines for Sperm Donation. Fertil Steril 2002;77:2–5. [CrossRef]
  • 27. Stone BA, Alex A, Werlin LB, Marrs RP. Age thresholds for changes in semen parameters in men. Fertil Steril 2013;100:952–8. [CrossRef]
  • 28. Verón GL, Tissera AD, Bello R, Beltramone F, Estofan G, Molina RI, Vazquez-Levin MH. Impact of age, clinical conditions, and lifestyle on routine semen parameters and sperm kinematics. Fertil Steril 2018;110:68–75.e4. [CrossRef]
  • 29. Ford WCL, North K, Taylor H, Farrow A, Hull MGR, Golding J; the ALSPAC StudyTeam. Increasing paternal age is associated with delayed conception in a large population of fertile couples: evidence for declining fecundity in older men. Hum Reproduction 2000;15:1703–8. [CrossRef]
  • 30. Zhu QX, Meads C, Lu ML, Wu JQ, Zhou WJ, Gao ES. Turning point of age for semen quality: a population-based study in Chinese men. Fertil Steril 2011;96:572–6. [CrossRef]
  • 31. Marcon L, Boissonneault G. Transient DNA strand breaks during mouse and human spermiogenesis: new insights in stage specificity and link to chromatin remodeling. Biol Reprod 2004;70:910–8. [CrossRef]
  • 32. de la Rochebrochard E, Mcelreavey K, Thonneau P. Paternal age over 40 years: the “amber light” in the reproductive life of men? 2003;24:459–65. [CrossRef]
  • 33. Schwartz D, Mayaux MJ, Spira A, Moscato ML, Jouannet P, Françoise Czyglik, David G. Semen characteristics as a function of age in 833 fertile men. Fertil Steril 1983;39:530–5. [CrossRef]
  • 34. Irvine S, Cawood E, Richardson D, MacDonald E, Aitken J. Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom: birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years. BMJ 1996;312:467–71. [CrossRef]
  • 35. Spandorfer SD, Avrech OM, Colombero LT, Palermo GD, Rosenwaks Z. Effect of parental age on fertilization and pregnancy characteristics in couples treated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum Reprod 1998;13:334–8. [CrossRef]
  • 36. Berling S, Wölner-Hanssen P. No evidence of deteriorating semen quality among men in infertile relationships during the last decade: a study of males from Southern Sweden. Hum Reprod (Oxford, England) 1997;12:1002–5. [CrossRef]
  • 37. Wang C, Chan SYW, Leung A, Ng RP, Ng M, Tang LCH, et al. Cross‐sectional study of semen parameters in a large group of normal Chinese men. Int J Androl 1985;8:257–74. [CrossRef]
  • 38. Auger J, Kunstmann JM, Czyglik F, Jouannet P. Decline in semen quality among fertile men in Paris during the past 20 years. New Engl J Med 1995;332:281–5. [CrossRef]
  • 39. Johnson L, Petty CS, Neaves WB. Influence of age on sperm production and testicular weights in men. Reproduction 1984;70:211–8. [CrossRef]
  • 40. Haidl G, Jung A, Schill WB. Ageing and sperm function. Hum Reprod 1996;11:558–60. [CrossRef]
  • 41. Agarwal A, Sekhon LH. Oxidative stress and antioxidants for idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia: is it justified? Indian J Urol 2011;27 1:74. [CrossRef]
  • 42. Levitas E, Lunenfeld E, Weiss N, Friger M, Har-Vardi I, Koifman A, Potashnik G. Relationship between the duration of sexual abstinence and semen quality: analysis of 9,489 semen samples. Fertil Steril 2005;83:1680–6. [CrossRef]
  • 43. Eskenazi B, Wyrobek AJ, Sloter E, Kidd SA, Moore L, Young S, Moore D. The association of age and semen quality in healthy men. Hum Reprod 2003;18:447–54. [CrossRef]
  • 44. Centola GM, Eberly S. Seasonal variations and age-related changes in human sperm count, motility, motion parameters, morphology, and white blood cell concentration. Fertil Steril 1999;72:803–8. [CrossRef]
  • 45. Gallardo E, Simón C, Levy M, Guanes PP, Remohí J, Pellicer A. Effect of age on sperm fertility potential: oocyte donation as a model. Fertil Steril 1996;66:260–4. [CrossRef]
  • 46. Aboulghar M, Mansour R, Al-Inany H, Abou-Setta AM, Aboulghar M, Mourad L, Serour G. Paternal age and outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Reprod Biomed Online 2007;14:588–92. [CrossRef]
  • 47. Fisch H, Goluboff ET, Olson JH, Feldshuh J, Broder SJ, Barad DH. Semen analyses in 1,283 men from the United States over a 25-year period: no decline in quality. Fertil Steril 1996;65:1009– 14. [CrossRef]
  • 48. Rolf C, Behre HM, Nieschlag E. Reproductive parameters of older compared to younger men of infertile couples. Int J Androl 1996;19:135–42. [CrossRef]
  • 49. Nieschlag E, Lammers U, Freischem CW, Langer K, Wickings EJ. Reproductive functions in young fathers and grandfathers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982;55:676–81. [CrossRef]
  • 50. Singer R, Sagiv M, Levinsky H, Allalouf D. Andrological parameters in men with high sperm counts and possible correlation with age. Arch Androl 1990;24:107–11. [CrossRef]
  • 51. Andolz P, Bielsa MA, Vila J. Evolution of semen quality in Northeastern Spain: a study in 22 759 infertile men over a 36 year period. Hum Reprod 1999;14:731–5. [CrossRef]
  • 52. Bujan L, Mansat A, Pontonnier F, Mieusset R. Time series analysis of sperm concentration in fertile men in Toulouse, France between 1977 and 1992. BMJ 1996;312:471–2. [CrossRef]
  • 53. Guzick DS, Overstreet JW, Factor-Litvak P, Brazil CK, Nakajima ST, Coutifaris C, et al. Sperm morphology, motility, and concentration in fertile and infertile men. New Engl J Med 2001;345:1388–93.
  • 54. Keel BA. Within and between subject variation in semen parameters in infertile men and normal semen donors. Fertil Steril 2006;85:128–34. [CrossRef]