Fadime BAŞER CANOĞLU, Gamze BAŞBÜLBÜL, Mesut KIRMACI

Türkiye’de Doğal Yayılışa Sahip Karayosunlarından Sphagnum centrale C.E.O. Jensen ve S. nemoreum Scop. ’in (Bryophyta) Antibakteriyal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Son 20 yılda çiçekli bitkilerin yanında, diğer tohumsuz bitki grupları, mantarlar, algler ve siyanobakterileri de içerisine alan oldukça geniş bir organizma grubu tıbbi açıdan ele alınmış, bu organizmaların patojen mikroorganizmalara karşı etkileri incelenmiş ve oldukça dikkat çekici sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma konumuzu oluşturan karayosunları ülkemizde yaklaşık 1030 takson ile temsil edilen, ikinci en büyük bitki grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle son yıllarda sistematik çalışmaların yanında bu bitki grubunun fitososyolojileri, ekolojileri, moleküler taksonomileri ve tıbbi özellikleri üzerine gerçekleştirilen çalışmalarda belirgin bir artış görülmektedir. Bazı Gram (-) ve Gram (+) bakteri türlerine karşı karayosunlarından hazırlanan özütlerin antimikrobiyal açıdan etkili oldukları bulunmuştur. Buradan hareketle ülkemizde doğal yayılışa sahip Sphagnum (Sphagnopsida) cinsine ait iki farklı karayosunu; S.centrale ve S.nemoreum’dan elde edilen özütlerin çeşitli Gram (-) ve Gram (+) bakteriler üzerindeki antimikrobiyal etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışılan bakteriler gıda güvenliğinde ve klinikte önemli gruplar arasından seçilerek, iki Sphagnum türünden elde edilen farklı özütlerin bu organizmalar üzerine etkileri kontrol edilmiştir. Her iki karayosunundan elde edilen ekstraktların özellikle Listeria monocytogenes ve L. innocua suşları üzerinde, Sphagnum nemoreum özütlerinin ise ayrıca Staphylococcus aureus üzerine etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Determination of Antibacterial Activities of Sphagnum centrale C.E.O. Jensen and S.nemoreum Scop. Which are Naturally Growing in Turkey

Last two decades, a very large group of organisms including flowering plants, non-flowering plant groups, fungi, algae and cyanobacteria have been researched medically, the effects of these organisms against pathogenic microorganisms have been examined and remarkable results have been obtained. The bryophytes that constitute our research topic are the second largest group of plant represented by approximately 1030 taxa in our country. Especially in recent years, besides the systematic studies, there is a significant increase in the studies carried out on phytosociology, ecology, molecular taxonomy and medicinal properties. It has been found that extracts prepared from bryophytes are antimicrobial effective against some Gram (-) and Gram (+) bacteria species. Therefore, the antimicrobial effect of two different mosses belonging to the genus Sphagnum (Sphagnopsida) which are S.centrale and S.nemoreum on various Gram (-) and Gram (+) bacteria were investigated. The effect of different extracts obtained from two Sphagnum species on these organisms was checked by selecting the bacteria which are important for food safety and clinically important groups. It was determined that extracts obtained from both mosses were effective on Listeria monocytogenes and L. innocua strains, while Sphagnum nemoreum extracts were also effective on Staphylococcus aureus.

Keywords:

Antibacterial activity, Bryophyttes Turkey, Sphagnum nemoreum, Sphagnum centrale,

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