Atakan BENEK, Kerem CANLI, Ergin Murat ALTUNER

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Karayosunlarının Geleneksel Tıbbi Kullanımları

Bitkilerin insanlar tarafından kullanılması, insanlık tarihi kadar eski bir geçmişe sahiptir. Antik çağlardan günümüze insanlık, doğada bulunan bitkilerden yararlanarak hastalıklara çare aramıştır. Eski zamanlarda deneme yanılma yoluyla hastalıklara karşı faydalı olan bitkiler tanındı, kullanıldı ve gelecek nesillere aktarıldı. Bitkiler ve insanlar arasında yüzyıllardır devam eden bu süreç, günümüzde dünya çapında kabul görmüş, büyük kaynakların aktarıldığı ve önemli araştırmaların yapıldığı bir etnobotanik bilimi olarak devam etmektedir. Hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan bitki gruplarından biri de Briyofitlerdir. Dünya çapında yaklaşık 150 etnobotanik briyofit türü bilinmektedir. Briyofit bölümünde önemli gruplardan biri, bataklıklardan alpin ve arktik bölgelere kadar geniş alanlarda, ıslak zeminlerde, nemli ortamlarda, bazen tamamen suya veya toprağa, kayalara ve ağaç gövdelerine yayılmış olarak yaşayabilen karayosunlarıdır. Karayosunları genel özellikleri farklı sistematik ekollere göre değişmekle birlikte 1036 cins ve yaklaşık 18.409 tür içeren Bryophyta bölümünde yer alırlar. Çinliler ve Yerli Amerikalılar, karayosunlarını yaraları iyileştirmede ve yaralardaki enfeksiyonları azaltmada etkili olduğunu yüzyıllar önce keşfettiler. Bu keşiften bu yana, karayosunları kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiş ve çeşitli alanlarda kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan türlerin çoğu genellikle Geleneksel Çin Tıbbında ve Yerli Kuzey Amerikalılar tarafından listelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada yosunların geleneksel tıpta kullanımı anlatılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anahtar kelimeler: Karayosunu, Geleneksel Tıp, Etnobotanik, Etnobriyoloji

Traditional Medicinal Uses of Mosses

The use of plants by people has a history as old as the existence of humanity. From ancient times to the present, humanity has sought solutions to diseases by making use of plants in nature. Plants that were beneficial against diseases by trial and error in the old times were recognized, used, and passed on to future generations. This process, which has been going on for centuries between plants and humans, continues as an ethnobotanical science that has been accepted worldwide today and where great resources are transferred and important researches are carried out. One of the plant groups used in the treatment of diseases is Bryophytes. Approximately 150 ethnobotanical bryophyte species are known worldwide. One of the important groups in the bryophyte division is mosses, which can live on wet grounds, in humid environments, sometimes completely submerged in water or on soil, rocks, and tree trunks in wide areas from swamps to alpine and arctic regions. Although the general characteristics of mosses vary according to different systematic schools, they are included in the Bryophyta division, which includes 1036 genera and approximately 18.409 species. Chinese and Native Americans discovered centuries ago that moss is effective in healing wounds and reducing infections in wounds. Since this discovery, mosses have been extensively studied and used in various fields. The majority of the species used are generally listed in Traditional Chinese Medicine and by Native North Americans. In this study, the use of mosses in traditional medicine is explained.
Keywords:

Moss, Tradinational Medicine, Ethnobotany, Ethnobriology,

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Anatolian Bryology-Cover
  • ISSN: 2149-5920
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2015
  • Yayıncı: Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi
Arşiv
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