ZEUGMA’DAN ELE GEÇEN GEÇ ROMA KIRMIZI ASTARLI SERAMİKLERİ

Zeugma Antik Kenti, günümüzde Gaziantep İli, Nizip İlçesi, Belkıs Köyü sınırları içinde, Fırat nehri kıyısında yer almaktadır. Makale konusunu oluşturan malzeme, Zeugma Doğu Konut alanlarında ger-çekleştirilen kazılar çerçevesinde A, B Evi olarak adlandırılan konut alanlarından ve kısmen bu evlerin üze-rine inşa edilen Geç Antik Dönem duvarlarının oluşturduğu mekânlardan ele geçen farklı gruplara ait ithal kırmızı astarlı seramik örnekleridir. Geç Antik Dönem’de Roma Dönemi sigillatalarının yerini alan kırmızı astarlı seramikler, deniz ticaretinde kullanılan ana rotaların belirlenmesi ve söz konusu dönemde yerleşim kronolojisinin oluşturulmasına katkı sunması bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Sözü edilen konutlardan ele geçen kırmızı astarlı seramik gruplarına ait; ARS, PHRS ve LRD formları saptanmıştır. Örneklerin değer-lendirmesinde; John W. Hayes’in ana form ve alt tip sınıflandırması1 temel alınmıştır. İlgili gruplara ait ör-nekler; teknik bilgileri, çizim ve fotoğraflarıyla birlikte Zeugma ile ilişkili yakın coğrafyaya ait örneklerle analoji kurularak metin içinde sunulmaktadır. Malzeme üzerinden yapılan değerlendirmeler ışığında, kentin Geç Antik Dönem seramik tipolojisi ve kronolojisini saptamak ve kırmızı astarlı seramikler üzerinden kentin MS 4. yüzyılın sonu – MS 7. yüzyılın ilk yarısı arasında Doğu Akdeniz genelinden Zeugma özeline doğru ticari ilişkilerinin saptanmasına ışık tutacak verilerin sunulması makalenin temel amacıdır. Çalışma konusunu oluşturan seramiklerde karşılaşılan fomlar ve bunların alt tipleri, kronolojileri ve oranları karşılaştırmalı ista-tistiklerle okuyucuya sunularak, Zeugma’nın ticari bağlantıları bölgesel ölçekte diğer merkezlerle karşılaştır-malı olarak yorumlanacaktır.

LATE ROMAN RED SLIP WARE IN ZEUGMA

The ancient city of Zeugma is currently located in the village of Belkıs, town of Nizip and city of Gaziantep. It is situated next to the River Euphrates. The material that this study has examined is red slip wares, which were held during the excavations conducted at the Eastern residential sections of Zeugma. The pottery sherds presented in this study have been obtained from the Houses A and B, and the spaces formed by the walls that were partially built on these houses during the Late Antique Period. In this period, red slipped wares which replaced the Roman sigillata are important for us to establish a settlement chronology in this area, as well as tracing the main routes used in maritime trade. Among these red slip wares obtained from Zeugma, ARS, PHRS and LRD forms have been determined. Whilst evaluating these samples, we based our study on the framework developed by John W. Hayes. His main and sub-category classifications constituted the backbone of this study. The samples are presented here in regard to their technical specifications, drawings and pictures. They are also references with similar material gathered from the nearby geography associated with Zeugma. This study aims to present the material that can establish a chronology and typology for the Late Antique Period wares of Zeugma and determine the forms of red slip wares and then bring more clarity into the trade relationships in Zeugma specifically, but also in Eastern Mediterranean region in general from the end of 4th century to the first half of the 7th century. The main forms and their sub-categories that are in scope for this study, are presented comparatively in terms of their chronology and their statistical ratios. In the end, Zeugma's trade connections will be evaluated in compa-rison with other settlements in the region.

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