Öz Mr. Ralph Solecki, the director of the Shanidar cave expedition (1956—1957) sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution of Wash- ington, D.C., and financcd by the Smithsonian Institution, Wenner- Grcn Foundation, Columbia University and the American Philo- sophical Society, invited mc to Baghdad to study and report on the remains of a fossil infant found by him in 1953, during an excava- tion conducted on bchalf of the Smithsonian Institution and the Department of Antiquities of the Iraq Government. I went to Bagh­ dad on 22 Dccember 1956 and remained there until 10 January 1957, and studied the remains of the fossil infant, which is now houscd in the Iraq Museurn