ANTİK DÜNYADA KIRSAL EKONOMİ: KARIA KERSONESOSU’NDAN YENİ KANITLAR

Marmaris sınırlarındaki Bozburun Yarımadası, Klasik Dönemde Karia'nın görece az çekim merkezi niteliğindeki alt bölgelerinden biri iken Erken Hellenistik dönemden itibaren Rodos'un karşı yakasındaki konumuyla ada ekonomisinin periferideki dinamolarından biri haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, son yıllarda yarımadanın muhtelif yörelerinde belgelenen kaya oygu pres taşları/işlikler ve bunların bölgenin ekonomi düzenindeki yeri ve rolü sorgulanmaktadır. Çalışmadan, benzer morfolojilere sahip ve genellikle münferit duran pres taşlarının, bahse konu dönemlerde öncelikle kendine yeten ekonomilere dönük inşa edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Daha büyük ebatlı olanların, kırsal karakterli yerleşim öbeklerinde Geç Klasik Dönemden itibaren kolektif kullanıma hizmet etmiş olabileceği, Rodos eliyle dış pazara sunulmak üzere hazırlanan son ürünün ise muhtemelen bu düzeneklerde işlendikten sonra belli başlı istasyonlarda istiflendiği düşünülmektedir

RURAL ECONOMY IN THE ANCIENT WORLD: NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE KARIAN KHERSONESOS

The Bozburun Peninsula, which lies within the borders of Marmaris, was one of the sub-regions that had the status of relatively a “centre of little attraction” in Karia during the Classical era whereas it became, with her adjacent position at the opposite shore of Rhodes, one of the drivers of the economy of the island in the periphery, as of the early Hellenistic period. In this paper, the rock-cut press stones which have been documented at various localities of the peninsula recently, and their place and role on the mode of economy are questioned. It has been inferred that those bearing similar features and often lying individually must have preferentially been carved-out for selfsufficient economies during the periods mentioned. Those having larger dimensions are now conceived that they could have served collective usage at the rural character settlement clusters beginning from the late Classical period whereas the end product, which was prepared for delivery to the foreign market under the control of Rhodes, was presumably stockpiled in the main depots following its processing within these rock-cut installations

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