Öz The measurcments and indices of the uppcr and lowcr decidu­ ous teeth of the Shanidar infant are listed in tables i and 2. As was stated bcfore the robustness values (length X breadth) of the decidu­ ous teeth of the Shanidar infant are smaller than those of the Nean­ derthalians, cxcept in three teeth and are in the range of those of modern Man. 4 Again as was recorded bcfore most of the deciduous teeth have highcr height-lcngth indices than those of the Neander­ thalians and thus resemble those of the modern Man.5 Hovvever, while most of the deciduous teeth of the Shanidar infant are smaller and relatively higher than those of the Neanderthalians, a statistical study of the measurcments and indices showed that only a few of the differences between the Shanidar infant and the Neanderthalians from Europe and Palestine are statistically significant