Toprak hidropedolojik özelliklerinin gypsic ustorthent ve typic ustifluent’de faktör analizi ile değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışma, Orta Anadolu'nun Çankırı ili Kızılırmak ilçesinde bulunan bir çeltik tarlasında (Typic Ustifluvent) ve mera alanında (Gypsic Ustorthent) toprak morfolojik ve hidrolojik değişkenlerini faktör analizi ile değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Plastik toprak örnekleyicileri ile çeltik tarlasından 50, mera alanından 70 adet bozulmamış toprak örneği alınmıştır. Temel toprak analizleri için aynı noktalardan bozulmuş toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Doymuş hidrolik iletkenlik (Ks), toprak kolonlarında sabit yük seviyeli bir hidrolik iletkenlik seti kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Ks ölçümünü takiben, buharlaşmayı önlemek için toprak kolonlarının üstü kapatılmıştır. Kolonlardan su akışı durduğunda, hacim ağırlığı için örnekler alınmış ve penetrasyon direnci ölçülmüştür. Sonra, topraklar çıkarılmış, toprak örneklerinin morfolojik özellikleri tanımlanarak standart toprak tanımlama çizelgeleri yardımıyla nicelendirilmiştir. Çeltik tarlası ve mera topraklarında toprak parametrik ve morfolojik özellikleri faktör analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çeltik topraklardaki toplam varyasyonun %80’ini beş faktör (Hidropedoloji, Kök, Silt ve toprak kimyası, Toprak kimyası, Agregasyon) ve mera topraklarındaki toplam varyasyonun %84.41'ini altı faktör (Hidropedoloji, Kök, Silt ve toprak kimyası, Toprak kimyası, Renk ve toprak kimyası, Agregasyon) tanımlamıştır. Pedoloji ve hidroloji arasındaki bağlantıların anlaşılmasında parametrik değişkenlerle birlikte toprak morfolojik değişkenlerinin kullanılması umut verici bulunmuştur.

Evaluation of soil hydropedological properties by factor analysis in gypsic ustorthent and typic ustifluent

This study was conducted to evaluate soil morphological and hydrologic variables by factor analysis in a paddy field (Gypsic Ustorthent) and grassland (Typic Ustifluvents) in Kızılırmak county of Çankırı province in central Anatolia of Turkey. Fifty undisturbed soil samples were taken from the paddy field and seventy from the grassland with plastic soil samplers. Disturbed soil samples were taken from the same points for basic soil analyses. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) was measured on soil columns using a hydraulic conductivity set with a constant-head permeameter. Following the Ks measurements, soil columns were covered to prevent evaporation. When the water flow through the columns was stopped, samplings were taken for bulk density and penetration resistance was measured. Then the soils were removed, the morphological properties were defined and quantified with the help of standard soil description charts. Soil parametric and morphological properties were evaluated by factor analysis. Five factors (Hydropedology, Silt and soil chemistry, Root, pH and mottles, Aggregation) described 80.00% of the total variation in the paddy soils and six factors (Hydropedology, Silt and soil chemistry, Root, pH and mottles, Color and soil chemistry, Aggregation) defined 84.41% of the total variation in the grassland soils. The use of soil morphological variables along with parametric variables was found promising in understanding interlinkages between pedology and hydrology.

Keywords:

Factor analysis, Hydrological properties, Hydropedology, Morphological properties Soil mechanics,

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