Zorunlu göçte psikopatoloji: üç kuşak arasında bir karşılaştırma

Amaç: Göç, ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel, siyasal ve ruhsal sonuçları olan, bireyin kendi irade ve isteği ile fiziksel çevresinde gerçekleştirdiği bir değişimdir. Sığınmacılık, mübadele gibi zorunlu göçlerde ise buna farklı boyutlar eklenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı zorunlu göçün psikopatolojiye yansıyan sonuçlarını ardışık kuşaklarda incelemek ve olası farklılıkları gözden geçirmektir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada Girit’ten Cunda’ya zorunlu göçle gelen bir aile (anne-baba, üç erkek çocuk ve onların çocukları, s=15) ve ardışık iki kuşakta (s=43 ve s=81) ruhsal ve psikopatolojik özellikler araştırılmıştır. Tanı görüşmeleri SCID-I ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Birinci, 2. ve 3. kuşakta psikopatoloji oranları sırasıyla %13 (2/15), %51 (22/43) ve %9 (7/81) olarak bulunmuştur. Erkek olmak ve çift dilli (bilingual) olmak psikopatoloji gelişimi için risk etkeni olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre zorunlu göç edenlerin çocuklarında psikopatoloji yaygınlığı anne-babalarında ve kendi çocuklarında olduğundan daha fazladır (p=0.005 ve p=0.001).

Psychopathology in forced displacement: a comparison between three generations

Objective: Being a change in one’s physical environment, migration has many economic, social, political and psychological consequenceson an individuals life. Forced displacement which is a phenomenon that lacks the attention other forms of migration have received, even more dimensions to this picture. The aims of this study were to investigate forced displaced peoples psychopathology to compare between three generations. Methods: In this study one family forced displaced from Kreata to Cunda (mother-father, three sons and their childhood, n=15) and two generations (n=43 ve n=81) (figure-1) were investigated and compared about their psychopathology. For the diagnostic interviews used SCID-I. Results: The psychopathology was obtained in first generation 13% (2/15), in second generation 51% (22/43) and in third generations 9% (7/81). Male gender and bilinguality were a risk factor for psychopathology. Conclusion: Number of persons with psycopathology were more in second generation than their parents and childhoods (p=0.005 ve p<0.001).

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