Arzu DALMIŞ, Yıldız AKVARDAR, ÇİĞDEM ERESEN YAZICIOĞLU, Sefa KIZILDAĞ, Uğur AKPULAT, Şebnem YILDIRIMCAN, Haluk ARKAR, Berna Binnur AKDEDE, Köksal ALPTEKİN

Türk toplumunda dopamin2 reseptör geninin ve kişilik özelliklerinin alkol bağımlılığındaki rolü

Amaç: Hayvan ve insan çalışmalarında alkolle ilişkili davranışlardan sorumlu olduğu gösterilen dopaminerjik sisteme odaklanarak, alkol bağımlılarında dopamin D2 reseptör geninin (DRD2) TaqI A ve B alel polimorfizmleri, kişilik özellikleri ve bu iki parametrenin birbiriyle ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSMIV tanı ölçütlerine göre alkol bağımlılığı tanısı konan 64(3 kadın, 61 erkek) kişi, kendisinde ve 1. veya 2. derece akrabalarında alkol bağımlılığı öyküsü olmayan 54 (8 kadın, 46 erkek) sağlıklı kişi alındı. Çalışmaya alınan kişilerden DRD2 TaqI A ve B alellerini saptamak için kan alındı ve bu kişilere Mizaç ve Karakter Ölçeği ve Michigan Alkolizm Tarama Testi uygulandı. Sonuçlar: Alkol bağımlıları ve kontrol grubu arasında DRD2 TaqI A1 ve B1 minör alel polimorfizmlerinin sıklığı açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Alkol bağımlılarının kontrollere göre yenilik arayışı ve zarardan kaçınma boyutlarında anlamlı derecede daha yüksek, kendini yönetme ve işbirliğine yatkınlık boyutlarında anlamlı derecede daha düşük puanlara sahip olduğu saptandı. Alkol bağımlılarında kişilik özellikleriyle DRD2 geninin TaqI A1 ve B1 minör alel polimorfizmleri arasında ilişki saptanmadı. Tartışma: Alkol bağımlılığına yatkınlıkta tek bir gen değil, olasılıkla birçok minör gen, kişilik özellikleri ve çevre birlikte rol oynamaktadır. Dürtüsel davranışta artışla ilişkili olan yenilik arayışının alkol bağımlılarında yüksek olmasının bağımlılık davranışının başlamasında önemli olduğu; yüksek düzeyde zarardan kaçınmanın, stresle baş edebilmek için alkolün sürekli alınmasına yol açtığı düşünülebilir.

The role of dopamine2 receptor gene and personality characteristics in alcohol dependence in Turkish population

Objective: Focusing on dopaminergic system, which is regarded to be responsible for alcohol dependence in many studies on animals and human beings, it is aimed to investigate TaqI A and B allel polymorphisms of dopa-mine 2 receptor and personality characteristics in alcohol dependents and the relationship between these two parameters. Methods: In this study 64 alcohol dependent patients (3 females, 61 males) diagnosed according to DSM-IV diagnosis criteria, and 54 healthy subjects (8 females, 46 males) who themselves or whose first or second degree relatives had no alcohol dependence history were included. In order to determine their TaqI A and B alleles, blood samples were drawn from the participants, and then they were applied Temperament and Char-acter Inventory and Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Results: Subjects with and without alcohol dependence revealed no significant difference as regards the frequency of TaqI A1 and B2 minor allel polymorphisms of DRD2 gene. It was also determined that the alcohol dependents had significantly higher scores in novelty seeking and harm avoidance dimensions, and lower scores in self directedness and cooperativeness dimensions than the controls. In alcohol dependents, no association was determined between the personality characteristics and TaqI A1 and B2 minor allel polymorphisms. Conclusion: Not only one gene, but also several other minor genes in addition to personality characteristics and environment may play a role invulnerability to alcohol dependence. In alcohol dependents, high novelty seeking is associated with the increase in impulsive behavior, and may be important for the onset of alcohol taking behavior. High level of harm avoidance may lead to taking alcohol continuously in order to deal with stress.

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