Kuzeymen BALIKÇI, Orkun AYDIN, İpek SÖNMEZ, AYŞEN ESEN DANACI

Şizofreni hastalarının annelerinde bağlanma biçimi ile kan oksitosin düzeyi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Amaç: Bağlanma, çocuk ile bakım vereni arasında gelişen tutarlılığı ve sürekliliği olan duygusal bağ olarak tanımla-nır. Anne çocuk arasındaki ilişkide yaşanan yetersizlikler veya oluşan aksamalar bağlanmayı olumsuz yönde etkile-yecek ve güvensiz bağlanmaya neden olacaktır. Güvensiz bağlanma ile şizofreni ve şizoaffektif bozukluk arasındailişki olduğunu gösteren birçok çalışma vardır. Bağlanma, toplumsal etkileşim ve çocuk bakımında oksitosin hormo-nunun olumlu etkileri vardır. Şizofreni hastalarının annelerinde kan oksitosin düzeyinin bağlanma biçimi ile ilişkilen-dirildiği çalışmalar ise literatürde çok az sayıdadır. Çalışmamızın, amacı şizofreni hastalığının etiyolojisinde rolüolduğu düşünülen bağlanma biçimleri ile oksitosin hormonunun hastaların anne-babalarıyla mevcut ilişkisini sağlıklıkontrol grubu ile karşılaştırarak açığa çıkarmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 34 şizofreni hastasının sağlıklı annesi veçocuklarında herhangi bir psikiyatrik bozukluk olmayan 31 sağlıklı anne alınmıştır. Katılımcılara Yakın İlişkilerdeYaşantılar Envanteri-II uygulanmış ve kan oksitosin düzeyi ölçümü yapılmıştır. Grupların karşılaştırılmasında t testi,korelasyon için Pearson korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada şizofreni hastalarının annelerininYakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri-II puanlarının daha yüksek, kan oksitosin düzeylerinin ise sağlıklı kontroller-den daha düşük düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Ek olarak kan oksitosin düzeyi ile Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envan-teri-II puanları arasında ters ilişki saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda şizofreni hastalarının annelerinde güvensizbağlanma biçimleri (kaygılı ve kaçıngan) gözlenmiş olup, bağlanma biçimi ile oksitosin arasında anlamlı bir ilişkiolduğu gösterilmiştir. Düşük kan oksitosin düzeyi, şizofreni hastalarının annelerinde güvensiz bağlanmanın birnedeni olabilir. Bağlanmanın çift yönlü bir etkileşime neden olmasından dolayı şizofreni hastalarının annelerindenetkilenerek güvensiz bağlanma biçimleri geliştirdikleri düşünülebilir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2018; 19(6):531-536)

The examination of the relationship between the blood oxytocin level and attachment styles among mothers of schizophrenia patients

Objective: Attachment is defined as the continuing and consistent emotional bond between child and caregiver. The inadequacies or the occasional failures in relation between mother and child will affect the attachment nega- tively. A number of studies have demonstrated that there is a relationship between insecure attachment and the symptoms of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Oxytocin hormone have positive effects in attachment, social interaction and child care. Studies regarding the level of blood oxytocin and its associations with the attach- ment styles of mothers of schizophrenia patients are very rare in the literature. The aim of our study is to clarify the attachment patterns believed to play a role in the etiology of schizophrenia and to compare the current relationship of oxytocin hormone with the parents of patients in comparison with the healthy control group. Methods: Thirty-four healthy mother of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 31 healthy mothers were included to the study. Participants completed the Close Relationships Inventory-II and blood oxytocin levels were measured. The t test was used to compare the groups and the Pearson correlation analysis was used for the correlation. Results: In the study, it was determined that mothers of schizophrenic patients had higher Close Relationships Inventory-II scores and lower blood oxytocin levels than healthy controls. In addition, there was an inverse correlation between blood oxytocin level and Close Relationships Inventory-II scores. Conclusion: In our study, insecure attachment patterns (anxious and avoidant) were observed in the mothers of schizophrenic patients and it was shown that there was a significant relationship between the style of attachment and oxytocin. Low blood of oxytocin levels were related with insecure attachment among the mothers of schizophrenic patients. Moreover, it can be considered that the mothers of the schizophrenic patients because of the bidirectional interaction affect the connection; it could develop unsafe attachment patterns. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2018; 19(6):531-536)

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