Başak ÜNÜBOL, HÜSEYİN ÜNÜBOL, Rabia BİLİCİ

Kadın bağımlılarda içselleştirilmiş damgalanmanın bağımlılık özelliklerine ve algılanan sosyal desteğe olan etkisinin incelenmesi

Amaç: Alkol veya madde kullanım bozukluğu nedeniyle ayaktan ya da yatarak tedavi gören kadın bağımlıların içsel- leştirilmiş damgalanmaları (İD), bağımlılık özellikleri ve algılanan sosyal destek (ASD) özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Yöntem: Araştırma, kesitsel tipte, çok merkezli bir çalışmadır. İstanbul Yeşilay Danışmalık Merkezi’n- de ve Türkiye’deki dört AMATEM’de tedavi gören, DSM-5 ölçütlerine göre alkol veya madde kullanım bozukluğu olan 105 kadın hasta alınmıştır. Araştırmada Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Ruhsal Hastalıklarda İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma Ölçeği (RHİDÖ), Bağımlılık Profil İndeksi (BAPİ) ve Klinik Formu (BAPİ-K) ile Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeğinin Gözden Geçirilmiş Formu (ÇBASDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirmesinde, sayı ve yüzde dağılım- ları yapılmış, değişkenler arasındaki ilişki varyans analizi ve korelasyon analiziyle incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Katılım- cıların yaş ortalaması 30.76 olarak bulunmuştur. Halen evli olanların oranı %16.2 olup diğerleri bekar veya boşan- mıştır. Katılımcıların %64.7’si çalışmadığını belirtmiştir, %78.1’inin ekonomik durumu orta ve düşük düzeydedir. RHİDÖ’nün alt ölçek puanlarıyla, ÇBASDÖ ve BAPİ ölçeklerinin ilişkisine bakılmıştır. RHİDÖ’nün yabancılaşma, kalıp önyargıların onaylanması ve sosyal geri çekilme alt ölçekleriyle, BAPİ’nin birçok özelliği ve BAPİ-K’deki depresyon, anksiyete alt ölçekleri arasında doğrusal bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. RHİDO’nün damgalanmaya karşı direnç alt ölçeği hariç, tüm alt ölçeklerle ÇBASDÖ alt ölçekleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Tartışma: Katılımcıların İD özelliklerinin hem bağımlılık şiddetlerine, hem de ASD özelliklerine negatif etki ettiği belirlenmiştir. Gerek Türkiye’de, gerekse dünyada çok büyük bir problem olan İD’nin bağımlı kadınlar üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri tartışılmıştır. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2019; 20(4):377-384)

Investigation of the effect of internalized stigmatization on addiction characteristics and perceived social support in women addicts

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the internalized stigma (IS), addiction characteristics and perceived social support (PSS) characteristics of female inpatient or outpatients undergoing treatment for alcohol and substance use disorder. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multi-center study. One hundred and five female patients were included according to the criteria of the DSM-5 alcohol or substance use disorder which treated in Istanbul Green Crescents Consultancy Center and four Addiction Centers in Turkey. In this study, an introductory information form, Internalized Stigma in Mental Disorders (ISMI) Scale, Addiction Profile Index (API), Addiction Profile Index-Clinic (API-C) form and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale Re- vised Form (MSPSS) were used. In the evaluation of the data, the number and percentage distributions were made, and the relationship between the variables was examined by analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.76. The proportion of currently married was 16.2%, others were single or divorced. 64.7% of the participants stated that they did not work. The economic situation of 78.1% was moderate and low. The relationship between the subscale scores of the ISMI and the MSPSS and API scales were examined. There was a linear relationship showed between alienation, stereotype endorsement and social withdrawal sub- scales of the ISSMD and many features of the API and also depression and anxiety subscales of the API-C. Except for the stigma resistance subscale, a significant positive correlation was found between all subscales of ISMI and MSPSS subscales. Discussion: It is an enormous problem both in Turkey and in the world, stigma has a negative impact on women with addiction was discussed in this study. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2019; 20(4):377- 384)

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