Evrim AKTEPE, Ali Metehan ÇALIŞKAN, YONCA SÖNMEZ

Isparta il merkezindeki lise öğrencilerinde kendini yaralama davranışı ve psikiyatrik açıdan ilişkili etkenler

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kendini yaralama davranışının yaşam boyu prevalansının saptanması ve de kendini yaralama davranışı ile intihar girişimi, intihar düşüncesi, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Yöntem: Liselerde okuyan ergenlerde kesitsel analitik tipte bir çalışma planlandı. Sosyoekonomik her düzeyden öğrenciyi kapsayabilmesi için okullar sosyoekonomik düzeylerine göre tabakalanarak her düzeyden küme örnekleme yoluyla bir okul rastgele olarak belirlendi. Öğrencilere kişisel bilgi alma ve kendini yaralama davranışı formu, çocuklar için depresyon ölçeği, çocuklarda anksiyete bozukluklarını tarama ölçeği uygulandı. Sonuçlar: Kendini yaralayıcı davranış yaşam boyu prevalansı %39.7'dir. Kendini yaralayan ergenlerin %50.8'i erkek, %49.2'si kız ve yaş ortalaması 15.6±1.1'dir. En sık görülen kendini yaralama davranış tipi kafa veya bedenin diğer bölgelerini sert bir yere vurma veya kendine vurmadır. Kendini yaralayan ergenlerin sadece %13.4'ü yardım arayışında bulunmuştur. Kendini yaralayan ergenlerin yüksek anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerine sahip oldukları saptanmıştır. Kendini yaralayan ergenler anlamlı oranda daha fazla intihar girişiminde bulunmaktadır. Kendini yaralayan ergenler arasında anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerinin, kendini yaralama davranış sıklığının cinsiyete göre farklılık gösterdiği gözlenmiştir. Tartışma: Kendini yaralayan ergenlerle çalışırken eşlik eden ruhsal bozuklukları saptamak ve tedavi etmek bu tür davranışları önlemede önemli olabilir. Gelecek çalışmalarda bu gibi davranışları önleme stratejilerini geliştirmede kendini yaralama davranışı ile ilgili cinsiyete özgü risk etkenlerinin saptanması faydalı olacaktır

Self-injurious behaviour in high school students in city center of Isparta and factors psychiatrically related with this behavior

Objective: The aim of this study is the detection of a lifetime history of self injurious behavior as well as the determination of the relationship between self-injurious behavior and suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, anxiety and depression levels. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was planned in high school students. The schools were stratified according to socioeconomic levels in order to encompass students from every socioeconomic level and a random school was chosen from each level through cluster sampling. Personal information and self-injurious behavior form, children's depression inventory, screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders were applied. Results: A lifetime history of self-injurious behavior is 39.7%. 50.8% of adolescents showing selfinjurious behavior were male and 49.2% were female, and their mean age is 15.6±1.1. The most frequent type of self-injurious behavior was hitting a hard object with the head or another part of the body or self-hitting. Only 13.4% of the adolescents had sought help for self injurious behavior. Adolescents with self injurious behaviors were detected to have high levels of anxiety and depression. Adolescents with self-injurious behavior attempt suicide significantly more frequently. It has been observed that the frequency of self-injurious behavior, anxiety and depression levels differ depending on gender among self-injurious adolescents. Discussion: When working with self-injurious adolescents, detecting and treating the accompanying mental disorders may be important for preventing such behavior. It has been concluded that detecting the gender specific risk factors regarding self injurious behavior will be beneficial in developing preventive strategies for such behavior in future studies.

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